Scientists have found a planet so strange, it seems to ignore the rules of physics we know! š This wild discovery, called WASP-12b, is a gas giant so close to its star that itās stretched into the shape of a football instead of being round. š Not only that, but itās so hotāabout 4,600Ā°F (2,550Ā°C)āthat itās literally being vaporized by its starās intense heat. š Whatās crazier? Its years last just 26 hours, because it zooms around its star at insane speeds. šŖļø Plus, the planetās surface is pitch black, absorbing almost all the light that hits itālike a cosmic sponge. š Credit:
Jupiter's Great Red Spot: By David Ladd/NASA, https://images.nasa.gov/details/GSFC_20180313_Jupiter_m12878_GreatRedSpot
TESS: By NASAās Goddard Space Flight Center, https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/tess/
Venus Transit: By NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO, https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10996/
Hidden Planets: By NASA - JPLPlanetQuest / YouTube, https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/exep/coronagraphvideo/
Land of Three Suns: By NASA/JPL-Caltech, https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia03520-land-of-three-suns-artists-concept-animation/
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0:
planet HD 189733b: By ESA/Hubble, NASA, ESA, M. Kornmesser - https://esahubble.org/images/heic1312a/, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27358993
Koenigstuhl1: By Legacy Surveys / D.Lang (Perimeter Institute) & Meli thev, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=151112776
Animation is created by Bright Side.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Music by Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4VxV
Subscribe to Bright Side: https://goo.gl/rQTJZz
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our Social Media:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/brightside
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/brightside.official
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@brightside.official?lang=en
Stock materials (photos, footages and other):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more videos and articles visit:
http://www.brightside.me
Jupiter's Great Red Spot: By David Ladd/NASA, https://images.nasa.gov/details/GSFC_20180313_Jupiter_m12878_GreatRedSpot
TESS: By NASAās Goddard Space Flight Center, https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/tess/
Venus Transit: By NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO, https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10996/
Hidden Planets: By NASA - JPLPlanetQuest / YouTube, https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/exep/coronagraphvideo/
Land of Three Suns: By NASA/JPL-Caltech, https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia03520-land-of-three-suns-artists-concept-animation/
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0:
planet HD 189733b: By ESA/Hubble, NASA, ESA, M. Kornmesser - https://esahubble.org/images/heic1312a/, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27358993
Koenigstuhl1: By Legacy Surveys / D.Lang (Perimeter Institute) & Meli thev, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=151112776
Animation is created by Bright Side.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Music by Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4VxV
Subscribe to Bright Side: https://goo.gl/rQTJZz
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our Social Media:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/brightside
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/brightside.official
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@brightside.official?lang=en
Stock materials (photos, footages and other):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more videos and articles visit:
http://www.brightside.me
Category
š¹
FunTranscript
00:00From planets with glass rain and oceans of lava,
00:05to worlds with three suns and giant diamonds,
00:08our universe is full of surprises.
00:11Sometimes we find celestial bodies that shouldn't even exist at all.
00:16But despite all logical reasoning, they live and thrive.
00:21In 2023, we discovered another impossible planet.
00:26TOI-5295b
00:29Once again, our universe turns out to be much more complicated than we thought.
00:34And this isn't the only strange planet that we've discovered in recent years.
00:39So, let's take a look at a couple of these impossible planets.
00:44TOI-5205b is the first one on the list.
00:50This is an unusually large planet orbiting a small star.
00:55It's located about 280 light years from Earth.
00:59It's quadrillions of miles, but on a cosmic scale, it's pretty close.
01:04This planet was discovered just recently, in 2023.
01:08So why is it so special?
01:10Because it doesn't follow the rules of planetary formation,
01:14like other planets in its neighborhood.
01:16TOI-5205b is a bit of a rebel
01:20It orbits a tiny red dwarf star that's only four times larger than Jupiter.
01:26What's so weird about it, you ask?
01:28Well, you see, a red dwarf is basically like the runt of the litter in the world of stars.
01:34This type of star is rather cold, about two times colder than the Sun.
01:40They have a reddish tint, hence the name.
01:43And yep, stars work quite strangely.
01:46The closer they are to red, the colder they are.
01:49And the closer to blue, the hotter they are.
01:51Hey, I don't make the rules.
01:54Anyway, because of all this, they aren't very bright.
01:58So without a good telescope, you won't see them in the sky.
02:02But they aren't just some space losers.
02:05They're the most common stars in the universe.
02:08They also live much longer than our Sun.
02:10And thanks to this, they usually have a bunch of different planets orbiting them,
02:15including those similar to our Earth.
02:18So if one day we decide to find a new home, it may well be near some red dwarf.
02:25But here's the catch with TOI-5205b.
02:29It's a gas giant.
02:31Gas giants like, for example, Jupiter or Saturn, are the behemoths of the universe.
02:37These planets are mainly made up of gases like hydrogen and helium.
02:42They don't have a solid surface like Earth or Mars.
02:45So you can't exactly land on them without getting crushed by the immense pressure.
02:50And they're not called giants for nothing.
02:53They're absolutely massive.
02:55In fact, if you took all the other planets in our solar system and squished them together,
03:00they still wouldn't be as big as Jupiter.
03:03In other words, they're the gassy wrestlers of the planetary family.
03:08So, how is it possible that such a huge planet orbits such a small, weak star?
03:15Red dwarfs are usually considered too small to host gas giants.
03:19Moreover, it's physically impossible.
03:22Or at least, so we thought.
03:24But TOI-5205b had other plans and decided to form near a red dwarf anyway.
03:32It's like a small pea orbiting around a lemon,
03:35which doesn't sound that bad until you remember that Jupiter next to our sun is like a pea next to a basketball.
03:42Only really big stars are able to keep such big planets nearby.
03:47This had astronomers scratching their heads as it went against everything they thought they knew about planet formation.
03:54And while we tried to figure out how TOI-5205b managed to break the rules,
04:00the planet itself seems pretty content to blaze its path through the cosmos.
04:06And it isn't the only one.
04:08In recent years, scientists have discovered a bunch of such forbidden planets.
04:13So let's check out the other ones.
04:16For example, TOI-3757b, a giant planet with the density of a marshmallow.
04:24Imagine a giant planet that's so soft and fluffy it's like a marshmallow floating in space.
04:30That's right, TOI-3757b is a gas giant that's been dubbed the marshmallow planet because of its incredibly low density.
04:40Of course, it's not edible and cute like real marshmallows, but it would still be fun to touch it.
04:46This planet was discovered in 2022.
04:50It's located in the constellation of Auriga the charioteer, 591 light years from us.
04:58Just like the previous one, it's also orbiting around a red dwarf star.
05:03And get this, TOI-3757b only takes around three days to complete one orbit.
05:10Imagine having a birthday every three days.
05:14Also incredibly close to its star, just some 3.5 million miles away.
05:20For comparison, the distance between the sun and the planet closest to it, Mercury, is about 36 million miles.
05:27So TOI-3757b is like right on top of its star.
05:32Let's hope this marshmallow planet doesn't get too toasted.
05:36Now let's talk about how this planet was discovered.
05:39It was spotted by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, or TESS, a space detective on the hunt for new planets.
05:47The transit detection method is when scientists use the star's light to find their planets.
05:53When the planet passes through the star, it blocks a tiny portion of the star's light, making it look a little dimmer for a while.
06:00Scientists can detect this dip in brightness using special instruments.
06:05If the dip happens regularly, they can tell that there's a planet orbiting the star.
06:10The size of the dip in brightness tells scientists how big the planet is and how close it is to the star.
06:17If the dip is really small, that means the planet is probably pretty small too.
06:22And if the dip happens more frequently, that means the planet is probably closer to the star.
06:28And this is how we discovered our marshmallow planet and many other ones.
06:34Overall, TOI-3757b is a fascinating planet that's captured our imaginations with its unique properties.
06:43Now, let's move on to the next mysterious celestial body, TYC 8998-760-1b, on the border of a planet and a star.
06:55Phew, that was a mouthful.
06:57Let me introduce you to a planet whose name I won't repeat.
07:00Well, this baby is also a gas giant, but not just any gas giant.
07:06In fact, it's so big it could make Jupiter feel like a tiny pebble in comparison.
07:11I mean, it's 14 times the mass of Jupiter and 3 times as big around.
07:17Isn't that impressive?
07:19It orbits a very young, sun-like star 300 light-years away.
07:24This star is only 17 million years old, and yes, it's considered a baby among the stars.
07:31For comparison, our own sun is about 4.5 billion years old.
07:36But the star itself isn't that interesting.
07:39The planet, on the other hand, is a bit of a weirdo.
07:42You see, planets just can't be that big.
07:45With its enormous mass, it should be a star.
07:48It's kind of like the Caspian Sea, which is considered the largest lake in the world.
07:53Just as the Caspian Sea isn't really a sea or a lake, this planet is the middle child of the universe.
08:00Not quite a star, but not exactly a planet either.
08:03Some scientists think that it might be a failed star, which is like saying a cake that didn't rise properly.
08:10And let's talk about its temperature.
08:13You know how you feel like a baked potato when it's 90 degrees Fahrenheit outside?
08:17Well, this planet laughs at us.
08:20Its estimated surface temperature is a whopping 2,600 degrees Fahrenheit.
08:25That's hotter than a jalapeno popper straight out of the fryer.
08:29This time, the planet was discovered by the imaging detection method.
08:34You see, capturing pictures of exoplanets is no easy feat.
08:38The star is always way brighter and ruins the pic.
08:42It's like trying to take a selfie with your crush while your annoying little sibling is jumping up and down in front of you.
08:48But scientists have a solution.
08:50They use some specialized optics and clever observation methods, like coronagraphy.
08:56They basically block out the light of a star so that we can see the planet more clearly.
09:00Magic, right?
09:03And that's how they discovered this not-a-star planet too.
09:07And now it's giving scientists a lot to think about.
09:10It makes us question what we know about the formation of planets.
09:13Let's hope we'll find out more about it in the future.
09:16It's amazing to think about the weird and wacky things that exist in our universe, and these planets definitely fit the bill.
09:23Who knows what else is out there waiting to be discovered?
09:26Maybe someday we'll find a planet that's even more impossible than the ones we just discussed.
09:31Until then, keep your eyes on the skies and your mind open to the infinite possibilities of our universe.
09:40That's it for today.
09:41So, hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your friends.
09:46Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!