八点最热报 | 叙利亚局势升级，政府军失去阿勒颇的控制后，俄罗斯与叙利亚空军联合轰炸叛军，伊朗支持的民兵也跨境助战。为什么叙利亚会被称为中东的“心脏”？又为什么会牵动全球神经？它的地理意义究竟有多重要？（主播：庄文杰）
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00:00Before watching the video, I remind you that there is more content on the Hotpoint website.
00:30Although Syria is just a small country, it has long been an important goal for major powers to invade the Middle East.
00:37Why is Syria called the heart of the Middle East?
00:40Why does it touch the world's nerves?
00:43How important is its geographical significance?
00:46Since ancient times, Syria has been called the heart of the Middle East.
00:50Although the territory is small and the population is only 23 million, it is a major country in terms of geopolitical significance.
00:58From a geographical point of view, the north of Syria depends on Turkey, the southeast on Iraq, and the south on Jordan.
01:05The southwest is adjacent to Lebanon and the Palestinian region, and the west is also adjacent to Cyprus.
01:11Located in the center of the five seas of the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, the Black Sea, the Sea of Li, and the Persian Gulf, the geographical location is extremely special.
01:20Because of this strategic line, Syria has also become a traffic hub between the east and west and the north and south.
01:26This used to be an ancient commercial center and strategic location.
01:29The northern coastal commercial city of Aleppo used to be the important terminal point of the Silk Road in ancient China.
01:36It is also known as the Silk Road of Wealth and Secrecy.
01:39It is also because of Syria's strategic value that it has become the center of conflict.
01:44Historically, many empires have used Syria and its surrounding areas as their strategic targets.
01:50And since the 20th century, with the discovery of oil resources, the great powers have invaded this land.
01:55The struggle between the United States, the Soviet Union, and other international forces has not stopped to this day,
02:00especially the civil war that broke out in 2011, which caused Syria to fall into a long-term turmoil.
02:05Although Syria's resources are limited, its geopolitical value is great.
02:10The maritime trade on the east coast of the Mediterranean has made it an important channel for energy exports.
02:15The Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Hormuz, which are close to it, are also a place of oil.
02:20Think about it.
02:21Whoever controls Syria can have an important strategic advantage between Europe and Africa.
02:27For example, the Arab natural gas pipeline in the plan went through Syria and transported the Middle East's natural gas to Europe.
02:34However, this pipeline has triggered an interest struggle between Russia and Europe and the United States.
02:39Russia hopes to protect its own natural gas market, while Europe and the United States support alternative routes.
02:44The struggle of the great powers has made Syria unstable.
02:47This is one of the major reasons behind the civil war in Syria.
02:50And now the Syrian government and the rebel forces are repeatedly fighting for strategic positions in the northern region of Hormuz.
02:57The battle has entered the stage of heating up.
03:01The next 48 hours is a critical time for the security of the Syrian capital Damascus.
03:07Some analysts believe that once Hama falls, the anti-government rebels will take the last line of defense between Syria and Damascus.
03:19According to the picture released by the Syrian rebels, the rebels continued to advance in the past seven days.
03:23The occupation is said to be the palace of Syrian President Assad.
03:26After the rebels entered the palace, they explored everywhere and exposed the luxurious living room, bathroom and bedroom in the palace.
03:33But there was no sign of Assad in the palace at the time.
03:36There is news that Assad has long fled to Russia with his family.
03:39The camera turned to the streets of Aleppo.
03:41Many protesters gathered in front of the statue of President Assad's brother.
03:45First, cover the statue with a rope, and then pull the statue on the horse together.
03:52When the statue fell, the protesters immediately fired at the sky, expressing anger and fighting emotions at the same time.
03:58Aleppo International Airport was also controlled by the rebels.
04:00Members of the rebels held guns outside the airport.
04:03There was no one in the airport.
04:04There were no planes taking off or landing on the runway.
04:06There were also arms scattered after being overturned.
04:09In response to the actions of the Syrian rebels,
04:11Iranian President Peter Shkian, who was elected to support the Syrian government, was criticized during a local official media interview.
04:15Terrorists should not be allowed to start wars and bloodshed in Syria.
04:19This not only threatens the security and stability of Syria, but also seriously threatens regional security.
04:23It should help the Muslim Brotherhood through diplomatic negotiations.
04:27Terrorists should not be allowed to start wars and bloodshed in Syria.
04:35This is what we should try to achieve through diplomacy and cooperation between us and our neighboring countries.
04:43We are brothers with Muslims and other countries.
04:46In addition, UN Secretary-General Spokesperson Douglas Crea said that
04:49UN Secretary-General Guterres was shocked by the escalating violence in Syria
04:53and called for immediate cessation of hostilities,
04:55reminding all parties to comply with international law, including international humanitarian law.
04:59All parties must do their utmost to protect civilians and civilian objects,
05:04including by allowing safe passage to civilians who are fleeing hostility.
05:12As the heart of the Middle East, Syria has become the focal point of global geopolitics.
05:17And behind every conflict, there is a nerve that moves the world.
05:21Some analysts believe that the problem of Syria is not only a regional conflict,
05:25but also the cause of global order.
05:28A small country is playing a game in the east and west,
05:31because its location is special and the situation is complicated,
05:34which makes it the most important chess piece in the hands of a big country.