Lorsqu'un gigantesque astéroïde a frappé la Terre il y a environ 66 millions d'années, il a provoqué une catastrophe massive qui a anéanti les dinosaures. Mais d'une manière ou d'une autre, de nombreux mammifères ont survécu, et les scientifiques ont quelques idées sur les raisons. Contrairement aux dinosaures, les premiers mammifères étaient petits et pouvaient creuser sous terre ou se cacher dans de petits espaces, ce qui les aidait à échapper à la chaleur intense et aux incendies. Ils pouvaient également manger une variété d'aliments, comme des graines et des insectes, ce qui leur facilitait la survie lorsque la vie végétale était rare. Les dinosaures, en revanche, avaient principalement besoin de plantes spécifiques ou de proies, qui ont disparu après l'impact. De plus, les mammifères pouvaient mieux réguler leur température corporelle, ce qui les aidait à survivre dans le froid extrême qui a suivi. Toutes ces compétences de survie signifiaient que les mammifères avaient plus de chances de s'en sortir – et de prospérer par la suite – alors que les dinosaures, malheureusement, n'ont pas survécu. Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/ Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici: http://sympa-sympa.com
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00:00Let's start with the theory generally accepted, according to which a gigantic asteroid would have led to the extinction of dinosaurs.
00:07This hypothesis, however, leads us to wonder why the mammals, them, survived.
00:12An explanation could be that they were better adapted.
00:16Although they were not the dominant creatures of the time, the mammals presented a great diversity.
00:22They multiplied into a wide range of species, which could have contributed to their preservation.
00:29Some say that the mammals survived because of their small size, which allowed them to need less resources.
00:36Having had to constantly hide from dinosaurs, they had learned to live in hostile environments long before the impact.
00:43But let's assume for a moment that the asteroid never happened, and that the environment conducive to dinosaurs has never been disturbed.
00:51It is then obvious that the fauna we know today would be very different.
00:55Let's take the powerful titanosaur.
00:58It is considered the largest terrestrial animal to have existed.
01:02Some specimens, reaching equivalent lengths, have about 7 cars put side by side.
01:08This colossus had such a long neck that it would have required a two-story house to shelter it.
01:13Its herbivorous diet allowed it to feed both on the ground and in the tallest trees.
01:19This left very little resources for a small animal like the juramaya, a contemporary mammal whose size did not exceed that of an ice stick.
01:27Let's push this exercise a little further and imagine that we had a machine that could go back in time to transport the current mammals to the era of dinosaurs.
01:36Some scientists advance that they have grown over time, which could give them some chance of survival, right?
01:43They have also evolved a lot in terms of diet and skills.
01:48However, others believe that they would have no chance of survival, because they remain too small to compete with dinosaurs.
01:55An adult tyrannosaur, for example, would reach the size of a bus.
02:00It would probably not take long to hunt a prey the size of a human.
02:04This predator would rather target comparable prey the size of a car, or even larger, like an elephant, and it would not take him long to dominate them.
02:13Of course, a t-rex could be satisfied with a more modest prey, but it would only be conceivable if it was hunted by the end and had no other alternative.
02:22If we were forced to send some mammals into the past hoping that they could survive, which candidate would we put on?
02:30Some think that the chimpanzee would be a good choice, because its primates build their nests high in the trees, which could protect them from terrestrial carnivorous dinosaurs.
02:41Although there is no solid evidence indicating that the dinosaurs themselves were able to fly, it is established that some reptiles moved in the air.
02:50This is the case of pterosaurs, or flying lizards.
02:53These creatures probably consumed mainly fish and small animals, but who could say that they would not try to catch a chimpanzee, if the opportunity presented itself?
03:02The hyena could also be a good choice.
03:04Today, the Tachedy hyena is the largest carnivore in Africa, and it shows great adaptability.
03:11It can hunt a wide variety of prey, alone or in groups, and is able to digest most of its victims, including skin and bones.
03:21These animals are not demanding in terms of food, and do not hesitate to consume parts that others would avoid willingly.
03:28They can even eat fruits if necessary.
03:31Overall, hyenas are animals as robust as coryas.
03:36Some studies show that they are rarely subject to health problems.
03:41However, like all living beings, hyenas have their own weaknesses.
03:45It is still unknown why they are no longer present in Europe, although some research suggests that they struggle to coexist with humans and wolves.
03:54In addition, they are not particularly adapted to the forest environment.
03:59Orcs could also have coexisted with dinosaurs.
04:03These creatures have no natural predators, which means that they are compared to sea wolves, because they hunt in groups in the same way that wolves track their prey.
04:13Although orcs are related to dolphins, they can hardly be called friendly.
04:19It has been found that they have already sunk ships.
04:22Intentionally.
04:24These are animals of remarkable intelligence, which evolve in groups in an organized way.
04:30They also tend to capture more prey than is necessary for their survival.
04:34This could be explained by a need for training.
04:37Other theories advance that their intelligence would allow them to seek food in anticipation, even when they are not hungry.
04:45It could also be that they are demanding, and are always looking for the most nutritious prey when the desire to eat is felt.
04:52However, the global temperature of the time of dinosaurs could prevent them from surviving.
04:57During the Mesozoic era, the earth was much warmer, with several degrees more than today.
05:03Although orcs prefer to live in cold waters, they are nevertheless found in all oceans and in most seas.
05:10Ostriches, on the other hand, seem an obvious choice.
05:13Just look at them, they look practically like dinosaurs.
05:17They even have a distant cousin of the Cretaceous, the Struthiomimus, whose name means similar to an ostrich.
05:24Because of its powerful and fast legs, its agility and feathers.
05:29However, they would risk not being able to defend themselves against larger dinosaurs.
05:34The vegetation of the Mesozoic era, dominated by conifers, would also have been very different.
05:40However, ostriches, known for their food selectivity, would probably have had difficulties finding their food at this time.
05:47There would be many reasons to send felines into this machine to go back in time.
05:52Thus, during the Jurassic, they would have had access to numerous prey moving slowly, as well as countless hiding places in dense vegetation.
06:01Felines, with their discretion, their sharp sight and their ability to climb, could have exploited these advantages.
06:09Some have an impressive strength for their size, which makes them formidable fighters.
06:15Lions, due to their speed and their ability to hunt in groups, would be a good candidate.
06:20By working in concert, they could probably attack modest-sized dinosaurs, such as the Europasaurus.
06:26As for leopards, their talent for climbing trees would allow them to capture their prey and put themselves in high shelter, far from the most imposing predators.
06:35However, their main obstacle would be, once again, the temperature.
06:40At this time, the heat was considerably more intense, and today's large mammals are not made to resist such conditions.
06:48Although lions currently reign on the savannah, this extreme climate would be too much for them.
06:54Finally, if they tried to hunt a herbivore with a spiny tail, such as the Togiangosaurus or the Stegosaurus,
07:02they could well be surprised.
07:04A single tail strike from these creatures, endowed with formidable power, could inflict fatal injuries on them.
07:10Not to mention the possible confrontations with raptors, or with the frightening Saurofaganax.
07:16The animal that would undoubtedly have the best chance of cohabiting with dinosaurs is the Ornithorhynchus.
07:21This curious Australian mammal, one of the rare to lay eggs, is a lover of fresh water and is almost like a living relic.
07:29Scientists have managed to trace its origins back to about 120 million years ago.
07:34To feed, the Ornithorhynchus uses its sensitive beak to catch shrimp and worms underwater.
07:40When it dives, skin folds cover its eyes and ears, making it temporarily blind and deaf.
07:46But it continues to use its beak as a sophisticated radar.
07:50An adult Ornithorhynchus can swallow up to half its weight in one night.
07:55Researchers have known for a long time that it shares various traits with reptiles,
07:59including its homoplates and its reproductive mode with vipers.
08:03Other creatures that coexisted with dinosaurs have survived to this day, but without including mammals.
08:10Snakes, cockroaches and bees all date from this prehistoric era.
08:15Some species of sharks are even considered to be older than dinosaurs.
08:20And if we consider the whole history of our planet, we will see that they have survived 4 of the 5 mass extinctions.
08:27As for mammals, they are nicknamed living fossils because of their extremely slow evolution.
08:34This is not due to a lack of resources, but because they found their ideal form very early on,
08:40and therefore did not need to adapt further.
08:43They have a rudimentary immune system, but which seems remarkably effective.
08:49It is not surprising that it has remained practically unchanged for more than 400 million years.