映像の世紀バタフライエフェクト 2024年11月18日
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TVTranscript
00:00Today, I think, as you know, here at the State Department, Representative...
00:09You're playing the Pokemon thing right there, aren't you?
00:12I'm just keeping an eye on it.
00:14In St. Pete right now.
00:15Got a Pokemon?
00:16She's looking at a Pokemon right now.
00:20Pokemon Go, a smartphone game released in 2016.
00:25It became a social phenomenon as people all over the world became obsessed with it.
00:33Yes, it's a Pikachu!
00:37The developer is game creator Tatsuo Nomura.
00:42He was born in 1986, in the old Manchuria, at Kokuryu Port.
00:51Tatsuo's grandmother, Shizu Nomura.
00:54Before the war, she moved to Manchuria as part of the Manmou Development Group.
00:59However, after the Japanese defeat, she was left behind in China.
01:05Tatsuo was born as the grandson of Shizu, a remnant of China.
01:10He came to Japan when he was 9 years old.
01:15I started out as a descendant of a Japanese orphan who was left behind in the war.
01:22When I first came to Japan, I was shocked to see so many interesting things.
01:30During the war, there were 6.6 million Japanese people in Manchuria, the Korean Peninsula, and Southeast Asia,
01:37including soldiers and civilians.
01:43This was about 10% of the total population at the time.
01:53On May 11, 1981,
01:57the 9-8-1 train arrived in Manchuria.
02:05Along with the defeat, 6.6 million people returned to Japan.
02:16We wanted to provide permanent housing for the refugees.
02:20However, 504 refugees had to move to another school in Tsukagawa.
02:30However, it was not easy for the refugees to find permanent housing in Japan.
02:39Some of them decided to move to another country.
02:49The 12 members of the Kubota family, who left Manchuria and moved to Kyushu 15 years after the war,
02:57will go to Amazon, their third destination.
03:02Tomorrow, they will go to Amazon, their third destination.
03:08Even decades after the war, there were people who could not return to Japan.
03:14They were Japanese who had been living in old Manchuria,
03:20where the Soviet Union invaded and later became the territory of China.
03:26Over 10,000 Chinese and Japanese people were left abandoned.
03:43After nearly 30 years of war, when the country was established, the return to Japan came true.
03:50The families who had been separated were reunited.
03:58When she was young, she left her father in Manchuria and forgot Japanese.
04:20In the second part of the series, we will tell you the tragedy of the two abandoned countries, Germany and Japan.
04:29The second part is a record of people who left their homes along with the Japanese abandonment
04:35and carried the fate of the land.
04:49This is a video of Japanese people in the south of the Korean Peninsula pulling up to the mainland along with the Japanese abandonment.
05:19Manchuria's trek home is on to the land of the setting sun.
05:24During the war, there were 6.6 million Japanese people in the Japanese-dominated territory, the so-called foreign territory.
05:36The military and the military families were quickly reunited by the GHQ's leadership.
05:42Subsequently, the civilians were pulled up.
05:47It's time to go home.
05:50People who were waiting for their families arrived at the radio station to relay the information about the withdrawal.
06:00The 1376th platoon of the 300th battalion is scheduled to enter Nagasaki tomorrow afternoon.
06:10There was no sign of the ship that was supposed to be on board.
06:15There were many people who did not know where they were going.
06:19Mr. Hanaka, who was on the 11th platoon of the 1763th platoon.
06:25I don't know his name, but he was from Akita Prefecture.
06:30If you know Mr. Hanaka, he is a member of the Japanese Broadcasting Association.
06:40Of the 6.6 million people, more than 3 million were in the United Nations-controlled territory, excluding the Soviet Union.
06:48Within a year after the end of the war, they returned to Japan.
07:00The Red Army and the soldiers of the great Soviet people were marching through the cities and villages of Manchuria.
07:10On the other hand, in Manchuria, the advanced territory of the Soviet Union, many soldiers and civilians could not return.
07:24There were 2.5 million Japanese people in Manchuria.
07:28270,000 Manchurian farmers were also sent to Manchuria.
07:46The Kanto Army, which had defended Manchuria, moved south to prioritize Korean defense as the Soviet Union advanced.
07:56Many civilians were abandoned.
08:04The Soviet soldiers had been fighting a fierce war of independence, and they were moving to the Far East.
08:14The soldiers, who were paralyzed by morale, began to plunder and rob the Japanese.
08:20In the middle of the night, a neighbor's wife, who had gone shopping, was captured by a Soviet soldier with a gun called a mandolin.
08:28She was seen being exchanged at the vacant lot behind the house.
08:36The Soviet soldiers attacked the house during the day, as well as at night.
08:42They took watches and radios.
08:46The only target was the Japanese house.
08:50If they could get a hold of the mandolin, it would be a piece of cake.
08:54They had no choice but to wait for the soldiers to leave.
09:02On September 2, Stalin declared on the radio that he had fulfilled his duty to the Japanese.
09:10He declared that he had fulfilled his duty to the Japanese.
09:19In 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War, the Soviet army left a deep impression on the people.
09:26We, the people of the old generation, had been waiting for this day for 40 years.
09:31And now, the day has come.
09:36The men of the Revolutionary Guards and the Japanese soldiers were captured by the Soviet army and sent to Siberia.
09:48600,000 people became the flesh and blood of the Siberian nomads, and 60,000 people lost their lives.
09:57In April 1946, the Soviet army, which had exhausted all means of retreat, began to retreat from Manchuria.
10:13Then, Manchuria became the scene of a battle between the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Party.
10:27The People's Party ruled the urban areas, and the Communist Party ruled the rural areas.
10:40The women, children, and the elderly who were left behind were sent to the urban areas where many Japanese had fled.
10:56They continued to walk hundreds of kilometers on the winter land of Manchuria, which reaches 30 degrees below zero.
11:03170,000 people lost their lives due to hunger and illness.
11:10Manchuria
11:17Later, the game creator Tatsuo Nomura's grandmother, Shizu Nomura, also wandered around Manchuria.
11:28She took three young children with her, but they all died.
11:34On the way, my daughter Satoshi, who was injured by someone, was thrown into an empty room and left.
11:42For seven or eight days, she didn't eat anything like rice.
11:47On rainy days and windy days, she walked on those painful feet.
11:54She spent her days in tears, not forgetting anything.
11:59She spent her days in tears, not forgetting anything.
12:08When the Soviet Union retreated, in May 1946, the American army and the Chinese Communist Party finally moved to the Japanese rescue in Manchuria.
12:22In the northeast of China, there was the only port ruled by the People's Party.
12:29The People's Party of Manchuria
12:34People who continued to wander around Manchuria arrived at the People's Party of Manchuria with their lives on the line.
12:42Manchuria
12:50The people of Manchuria, who landed in Sasebo, took the train to their hometown on May 28.
12:59They were already exhausted.
13:03They had a long, painful journey of life and death, and now they had finally arrived in Japan.
13:14The retreat from the People's Party of Manchuria continued for three years.
13:18Of the 2.5 million people, 146,000 returned to Japan.
13:26Chiba Tetsuya
13:30Chiba Tetsuya was a 7-year-old boy from Koroto who later became a manga artist.
13:41His masterpiece, The Queen of Tomorrow,
13:43was based on the experience he had in Manchuria when he was a boy.
14:00I know what it's like to be hungry.
14:06I've seen people like that.
14:11I've seen their faces and the way they look at people.
14:22This 8-year-old boy was also from Koroto.
14:27He later became a manga artist.
14:35Nakanishi wrote the song Ningyou no Iie, which was nominated for Best Record in 1969.
14:47The song is about a love story between a man and a woman,
14:51but Nakanishi secretly contained the feelings of the people of Manchuria.
15:06In the corner of an abandoned room
15:12I entrusted my life to you
15:27The Japanese Government
15:31In order to welcome the people of Manchuria,
15:34under the guidance of the GHQ,
15:36the Japanese government set up a support station at 18 ports around the country.
15:43The government provided the government with living expenses for those who had just arrived in Japan.
15:56There were many women who had been pregnant by the Soviet Union.
16:11This is a photo of the abortion performed at the support station.
16:18While there was a shortage of medicine,
16:20more than 500 people were operated on,
16:22sometimes without anesthesia.
16:27In the uterus, there was a soft membrane,
16:31and a machine that looked like a raw iron claw.
16:35The baby was pulled out by the machine.
16:41The pain must have been hell,
16:44and it must have been very difficult.
16:49Many people returned to their hometowns,
16:52but their relatives treated them as a nuisance.
16:57Many people flowed into the city,
17:00but there was no time to receive more than a million people a year.
17:09On September 23, all the children came back.
17:13Some of them had small breasts.
17:19In Gunma,
17:21people went to the support station in search of land to grow food.
17:29I asked the mayor to lend me the support station,
17:33but he wouldn't lend it to me.
17:35I saw a crowd of young people from the Democratic Youth League.
17:39I went to the city every week and asked the mayor to lend me the support station,
17:43but he wouldn't lend it to me.
17:46Finally, I was able to build a horse race track.
17:52However, I was about to be borrowed,
17:55but I was attacked by my boss.
17:58If we had such a large land,
18:00we would have been able to support 500,000 people a year.
18:10In Tokyo,
18:12people who had no place to go back to started living in public schools.
18:21If you don't have a house, you can't get a job,
18:23and you can't get paid,
18:25so no matter what the authorities say,
18:27if you work hard here, you'll be able to make a living.
18:34The people of Fukagawa sympathized with the people of Hiyagemin.
18:38In addition to daily necessities,
18:40they gave 700 yen as a visitation fee and even provided bread.
18:43In exchange for the coldness of the support station,
18:45the people of Hiyagemin returned to their hometowns
18:47and for the first time felt like human beings.
18:49Even children are happy.
18:54We are not ignorant.
18:56We are just ordinary people.
18:58We are just ordinary people.
19:00We are just ordinary people.
19:02We are just ordinary people.
19:05Even when he consulted with the government,
19:07he was reprimanded for his insolence.
19:14When I went there and made a request,
19:16the head of the Development Department told me
19:18that the Development Corps was like a vanguard.
19:21It was the front line of the invasion.
19:23There was no way to support the soldiers or the Development Corps.
19:27That's what he told me.
19:29When the budget was announced to the National Assembly,
19:31he said,
19:32If there is no budget, we can't do it.
19:34At the time of the budget,
19:36he was treated like a vanguard and was cut off.
19:40The government set up a post-war development business
19:43for the withdrawal of soldiers and the recovery of soldiers.
19:47It gave old military bases such as airfields as farmland
19:51and tried to solve food and labor problems.
19:55From Hokkaido to Kyushu,
19:57about 6,000 development sites were set up around the country.
20:02People began their re-development life in Japan.
20:11When I swing the kite,
20:13it seems that the kite is going to follow me in the back.
20:16My body is in the back,
20:18and I feel like I'm flying.
20:20I feel like I'm flying.
20:22It seems that the kite is going to follow me in the back.
20:25My body is weak.
20:27But I thought about the dead people.
20:30This kid is Nakashima's kid.
20:32This kid is Noda's kid.
20:34This kid is Imayada's kid.
20:36I did it like that.
20:38To thank the dead people,
20:40I thought I should do my best here.
20:46December 1946
20:49The return of people who had been deported to Siberia began.
20:54December 1946
21:14The people who had been deported to Siberia
21:17were educated in communism at the Soviet concentration camp.
21:24In Japan, where the communist forces were expanding,
21:27the Red Purge began under the instructions of MacArthur.
21:33Not many people were able to find a job
21:36or go back to their hometowns
21:38just because they were Siberian immigrants.
21:46I returned to Japan after eight years of immigration
21:50with no problems at all.
21:55But the three years that followed
21:58made me feel like I had almost decided.
22:04Compared to the pain of this time,
22:07I can say that the experience of living in a concentration camp
22:10was hardly a problem.
22:13December 1946
22:18The people who had been deported to Siberia
22:21were the first to leave the country after the war.
22:24But their dream was broken again.
22:28The government's emergency reform project,
22:31under the name of food production and unemployment relief,
22:35was completely different from the plan on the table.
22:38It saddened the people of the country.
22:41Because there was no food in the land,
22:44it was actually a very simple production.
22:48When I tried to cultivate the land,
22:51I realized that it was only a weak land
22:54that was not suitable for agriculture.
22:58Furthermore, in 1950,
23:01when the Korean War broke out,
23:04for the creation of a police force,
23:07people began to talk about taking over the land.
23:12In the former military airport in Saitama Prefecture,
23:15the six years of hard work had finally paid off,
23:18and people seemed to be able to live a simple life.
23:23At the same time, people began to talk about taking over the land.
23:30I've been working so hard for five or six years,
23:33and now I'm being driven out again.
23:36It's really a problem.
23:39After the war,
23:41190,000 people took over the land in 10 years,
23:44but 50,000 people gave up.
23:54In July 1958,
23:56the final withdrawal from Manchuria began.
24:01Of the 6.6 million people who went abroad,
24:046.3 million returned.
24:08However, in Manchuria,
24:11more than 10,000 Japanese were still left behind.
24:21Many people had built a family in China.
24:26They wanted to go back to Japan,
24:29but they couldn't abandon their families.
24:38Another reason why Japan and China did not have a nationality
24:42was that it prevented the return of the remaining Japanese.
24:51In 1959,
24:53the government issued a declaration of war
24:56against the Japanese government
24:59and the Chinese government.
25:05The Japanese government paid a compensation fee
25:08and gave them a white box of money.
25:14I was persuaded by my family
25:17to file a declaration of war
25:20against the Japanese government.
25:23The Japanese government paid a compensation fee
25:26and gave them a white box of money.
25:29The Japanese government paid a compensation fee
25:32and gave them a white box of money.
25:36I don't think it was a matter of war.
25:39I don't think it was a matter of war.
25:42I'm sorry to say this,
25:45but I couldn't control my feelings.
25:48I've grown up.
25:51I'm ready to submit my declaration of war.
25:54I'm ready to submit my declaration of war.
25:57But I feel like I'm going to die.
26:00But I feel like I'm going to die.
26:06Game creator Tatsuo Nomura's grandmother,
26:09Shizumo Nomura,
26:12passed away after losing her child.
26:15She was a mother to a Chinese man
26:18and was married to him.
26:21She was a mother to a Chinese man
26:24and was married to him.
26:27She was a mother to a Chinese man
26:30and was married to him.
26:33She had two children
26:36and lived in the northeast of China.
26:39One day, when Shizu sent a letter
26:42to her mother,
26:45her relatives were surprised.
26:48to her mother,
26:51her relatives were surprised.
26:54In a faraway park,
26:57the sound of a crow
27:00and the sound of a crow
27:03and the sound of a crow
27:06and the sound of a crow
27:10The Retreat
27:13Some of the retreaters gave up
27:16their training and went abroad
27:19to find new places to live.
27:22The Japanese government had signed
27:25an annuity for migration to the South.
27:28The family withdrew from the Manmo Retreat
27:31and experienced the postwar retreat in Kyushu.
27:34But unfortunately,
27:37I'm glad.
28:08I'm making things.
28:11I want to produce.
28:13I want to buy all the medical supplies.
28:16I don't have much to say.
28:19The 57-year-old and the 56-year-old couple
28:22brought 12 members of their family
28:25to Brazil, on the other side of the world.
28:28In the midst of a high-growth period,
28:31the leaders were once again taken over by Sumica.
28:36The newly-opened post-war development site
28:39was to be sold for public business.
28:46The land of the Tsukuba Academy City
28:49and the oil storage base in Rokkasho Village
28:52was to be sold to the Japanese government.
28:55The land of the oil storage base in Rokkasho Village
28:58was to be sold to the Japanese government.
29:06The land of the Fukushima and Aomori Nuclear Power Plant
29:10was to be sold to the Japanese government.
29:18The land of Narita Airport
29:21was to be sold to the Japanese government.
29:24The land was to be sold to the Japanese government.
29:36In 1972,
29:38Japan and China had a nuclear deal.
29:43The Japanese left behind in China
29:46had to return to Japan.
29:52A letter from Shizu Nomura,
29:55who lived in the northeast part of China,
29:58was sent to Fukui.
30:05I am very happy that Japan and China
30:08have reconciled.
30:11On September 29th,
30:14Prime Minister Tanaka came to China.
30:18I listened to him on the radio
30:21when he sent me the letter.
30:26I am very happy that Japan and China
30:29have reconciled.
30:32I am very happy that Japan and China
30:35have reconciled.
30:38I am very happy that Japan and China
30:41have reconciled.
30:44Many people in Manchuria
30:47were shocked by the news.
31:03The children left behind in Manchuria
31:06had completely forgotten Japanese.
31:09The children left behind in Manchuria
31:12had completely forgotten Japanese.
31:40This is a documentary about the reunion of the family.
31:43This is a documentary about the reunion of the family.
31:46This is a documentary about the reunion of the family.
31:49This is a video of a 9-year-old woman
31:52who became an orphan in Manchuria
31:55visiting her aunt's house.
31:58Welcome home.
32:01Welcome home.
32:04Welcome home.
32:09I really missed you.
32:17Do you remember me?
32:22I thought you were my father.
32:34You look like your mother.
32:37Do you know who they are?
32:39Do you know them?
32:41You look like them.
32:43You came to this house.
32:47You came here many times.
32:51I cooked the food and ate it.
32:55I'm so happy.
32:57In July 1973, a local citizen of Fukui Prefecture told a story of a Chinese Japanese who had left the country.
33:10His name was Shizu Nomura.
33:15His husband and children were not allowed to enter the country.
33:19Shizu was the only one who returned to Japan.
33:22However, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis.
33:25He stayed in his hometown for the first time in 30 years.
33:28He was hospitalized in just one day.
33:35I wanted to go home.
33:37I really wanted to go home.
33:40I'm glad I'm alive.
33:43I want to see my family before I die.
33:47I wonder if the children in China will come to see me.
33:56Two months after his hospitalization, Shizu died.
34:02The reunion with his son in China did not come true.
34:12Of the 13,000 Japanese who remained in China, 7,000 returned to their homeland.
34:19However, it was not a warm country for the first time in decades.
34:28A man who had been separated from his wife and children in a flight
34:34had found a new home in Japan.
34:42You are the husband of this person and the parent of these children.
34:48Why do I have to take care of them?
34:52Because you have your own family.
34:55But that's different.
34:57You can't do that.
34:59Why can't I do that?
35:01I can take care of other people. Why can't you?
35:05I don't want to destroy my current family.
35:09I know that because I'm cute.
35:11That's why I became like this.
35:14I have no regrets.
35:16I have no regrets at all.
35:22The wall of language and discrimination was built
35:26in front of the Chinese orphanage.
35:32I'm happy now.
35:35I'm happy to be back with my mother.
35:38But the language is different now.
35:41I don't have a job now.
35:44I don't have a place to live.
35:48I don't have anything.
35:54Many of the children who were brought to Japan
35:58were not familiar with the school.
36:05At first, I didn't understand the language.
36:08But now I understand.
36:11I can communicate with my mother.
36:17I can communicate with her.
36:23I'm 16 years old.
36:26I don't want to go back to Japan.
36:31I don't have any friends.
36:34I don't have any friends.
36:37I don't have any friends.
36:40I don't have any friends.
36:43I don't have any friends.
36:51This is a 10-year-old video of Mr. Kubota's family
36:55who crossed the border of Japan and Brazil 10 years later.
37:08Mr. Kubota!
37:10Come this way.
37:12You can go that way later.
37:15The third opening.
37:18The family finally found a safe place
37:22in the middle of the jungle.
37:27His father cut down a forest and built a pepper field.
37:31After giving it to his son, he was able to breathe.
37:39It's a nice place.
37:41It's not cold.
37:43It's a really nice place.
37:45I'm 67 years old.
37:47You look healthy.
37:49I'm 39 years old.
37:53It's been exactly 10 years.
37:55I'm Paola.
37:56I'm Carlos.
37:57I'm Kazunori.
37:58I'm Toru Kubota.
37:59I'm Toru Kubota.
38:05In the 1990s,
38:07the return of the Japanese to China reached its peak.
38:13In 1995,
38:15Shizu Nomura's eldest son, who remained in China,
38:19moved to Japan with his family,
38:22relying on Shizu's relatives.
38:27Shizu's 9-year-old grandson, Tatsuo,
38:30could not speak Japanese at all.
38:33However, he enjoyed playing games
38:36that allowed him to play without words.
38:39Hello, I'm Toru Watanabe,
38:41and I'm the host of Mariya Stadium.
38:43Hello, I'm Noriko Kato.
38:45Nice to meet you.
38:48This is a TV program
38:50that introduces games
38:52that aired in 1997.
38:58In the audience seat,
39:00there is a picture of Shizu's grandson,
39:03Tatsuo Nomura,
39:05who is watching with enthusiasm.
39:10I was shocked
39:12by how interesting it was.
39:15When I first came to Japan,
39:17I couldn't speak Japanese.
39:19However, TV games
39:21are a means of communication
39:23to make friends.
39:25When I first came to Japan,
39:27Pokemon was released.
39:29I made a lot of friends
39:31with Pokemon,
39:33and I was able to play it
39:36and make a lot of friends.
39:40Not only did he enjoy it,
39:43but he also became interested
39:45in game development
39:47and learned the basics of game development.
39:50After that, he went to the United States
39:53and developed a game
39:55that captivated the world.
39:59I don't know who created Pokemon Go.
40:04Pokemon!
40:13In 2017,
40:15Tatsuo Nomura
40:17was interviewed
40:19on a NHK program.
40:23He is Rei Nakanishi,
40:25who experienced
40:27the withdrawal from Manchuria
40:29when he was 8 years old.
40:32Nakanishi was 9 years old
40:34when he came to Japan
40:36from the northeast of China.
40:38He was reflecting on himself.
40:43When I came back,
40:45I was still 8 years old.
40:47Even though I was in Manchuria,
40:50I was Japanese
40:52even though I was Chinese.
40:55When you went to China,
40:57did you feel like a foreigner?
40:59Yes.
41:01You felt like a foreigner.
41:03When you came to Japan,
41:05you felt like a foreigner
41:07from Manchuria.
41:09It's strange.
41:11Wherever you go,
41:13you feel like a foreigner.
41:15I'm sure Tatsuo Nomura
41:17can relate to this.
41:19For me,
41:21it's about
41:23replacing the sadness
41:25and suffering
41:27with happiness.
41:29That's how
41:31I became a composer.
41:37As a result of the war,
41:39I was born
41:41as one of the traces
41:43of the war.
41:45All the events
41:47connected to the war
41:49are connected
41:51to my life
41:53after the war.
41:55Because of my grandmother,
41:57I was able to live
41:59and receive education
42:01in Japan.
42:03My grandmother
42:05has nothing to do
42:07with Pokemon Go,
42:09but I was able
42:11to grow up in Japan
42:13because of my grandmother.
42:15That's how I was influenced
42:17by Pokemon Go.
42:19This is Fukushima.
42:21Fukushima was designated
42:23as a protected area
42:25by the Japanese government.
42:27This is Namiemachi,
42:29Fukushima Prefecture.
42:31Namiemachi,
42:33a mountainous area
42:35in Tsushima District,
42:37was a land
42:39that was cut open
42:41after the war
42:43by the retreatists
42:45from Manchuria.
42:47They ploughed
42:49the land
42:51and built their lives.
42:59Now,
43:01only the ruined houses
43:03are left.
43:05Last year,
43:07evacuation orders were lifted
43:09in a part of the district,
43:11but many of them
43:13remained
43:15in a difficult area.
43:17In 1964,
43:19I moved to Tsushima
43:21because I missed my family
43:23and the neighborhood.
43:25I wanted to spend
43:27the rest of my life
43:29in that place.
43:33I felt like I was
43:35in Manchuria
43:37when the nuclear power plant
43:39exploded one after another
43:41and I ran away
43:43from the radiation.
43:45Why do I have to
43:47go through
43:49so much
43:51even though
43:53I'm over 80?
43:55Do I have to
43:57suffer until I die?
44:16THE LAND THAT'S LEFT
44:19COMPLETED
44:22THE TREES
44:24ORIGINATED
44:26THE STORY
44:28OF TOKION
44:30COMPLETE
44:32THE STORY
44:34OF TOKION
44:36COMPLETE
44:38THE STORY
44:40OF TOKION
44:42Thinking
44:43for watching.