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00:00Today, October 7th, marks one year since Hamas carried out its terror attacks in Israel.
00:06Here at DW, we're recalling the events of that horrific day and speaking with people
00:11who witnessed them.
00:12The Hamas assault was the deadliest in Israel's history, with more than 1,200 people killed
00:18and around 250 taken to Gaza as hostages.
00:22Vigils and memorials are being held across Israel to remember those who were killed and
00:27the hostages still held captive by Hamas.
00:31Relatives of victims have held a minute of silence at the site of the Nova Music Festival
00:35at Kibbutz Reim, where almost 400 people were killed when the attack began.
00:42DW correspondent Tanya Kramer is in Reim, where the attack on that music festival took
00:48place.
00:49Tanya, give us a sense of how it feels to stand at that site where the terrorist attack
00:54by Hamas was launched a year ago.
00:56Yeah, we are right here at the border.
01:01The border to Gaza is actually just a few kilometers away, and this is where people,
01:07mainly young people, a year ago on October 7th were dancing until the early morning,
01:13and this is when Hamas-led militants then breached the border and came here, and you
01:17see here behind me all these photos of those that were killed on this day, and some were
01:24actually also taken hostage, and I can tell you it is, you know, people coming here are
01:30in a somber mood when you're going here through this field of these photos.
01:36What we've been seeing here from, you know, at this time when the rockets were launched
01:41from Gaza towards southern Israel on October 7th at 6.29, across Israel people were holding
01:51a minute, a moment of silence.
01:54Also here, some of the family members came here to this site praying, thinking of their
02:01loved ones, and also those that are still being held hostage in Gaza.
02:07It's a day of mourning, of remembering.
02:09It's a day where you feel that people are still very much traumatized of what happened
02:13on October 7th, and not just here in Re'im, across the south there are many in the kibbutzim,
02:22in those villages around the Gaza Strip, where communities come together, mostly going to
02:30the cemetery, mourning their lost ones from those communities as well, and also what I
02:37think is significant there is most of the communities here are still rather empty.
02:43Many residents have not come back there, so they're coming now on that particular day,
02:48which is not easy for some of the people I've been talking to in recent weeks.
02:52They're saying it's still a feeling, you know, of not being totally safe, of not feeling
02:57totally secure, and I think this is, you know, today a day of, you know, just remembering
03:04what happened on October 7th, and very much also reminded there were some rockets here
03:08this morning fired from Gaza towards southern Israel as well.
03:14We are hearing also some artillery going into Gaza, of course, for people in Gaza, for civilians
03:18there.
03:19The war is continuing just here, a few kilometers here away.
03:24Tania, an organization established by the families of the abductees, the people who
03:30were kidnapped, that organization has announced the death of a captive held in Gaza.
03:35What's known about the situation of the other hostages who are still in Gaza?
03:41Yeah, there was this announcement this morning that this young person was actually here at
03:50this festival, Idan Stivi.
03:52He is 20 years old, that he is presumed to have been killed already a year ago on October
03:597th.
04:00He was here volunteering to photograph the event at the time, and we know from others
04:06from the festival that he was trying to get away with friends with a car, but then the
04:10car was later then found, and he, apparently his body was taken to Gaza, so he's still
04:19being held here.
04:20So he's among the almost 100 hostages that remain in Gaza.
04:25We understand from the military that about 33 of them are, have been killed, so their
04:31bodies are being held in Gaza.
04:34And for many of the families of those hostages that are in Gaza, they haven't heard a sign
04:39of life for a long time.
04:41There were some videos that were being released by militant groups, by Islamic Jihad or Hamas.
04:46Then there was this hostage deal in November last year, where then some of the hostages
04:51that came out could tell others that they saw such and such person with them.
04:57And the latest that was known were the five hostages that were killed just a month ago,
05:05and they were held in very horrendous conditions in a tunnel underneath.
05:09They were killed apparently when the troops approached, and those bodies, their remains
05:16were recovered later.
05:18So many of the families, they don't know whether their loved ones are actually still alive,
05:25where they are, they haven't heard from them.
05:28And that makes it so difficult.
05:30There's a lot of pressure on the government right now, you know, to come and to renew
05:34those negotiations, because now that the focus has been shifting politically to the northern
05:41part of Israel, there's not much going on with the negotiations and the families and
05:47relatives of the hostages saying they don't have the time, they need to be brought back
05:51home soon.
05:52Tanja, thank you very much.
05:54That was our correspondent Tanja Kramer reporting from Raim.
05:59Well, the Supernova music festival in Raim, where Hamas launched its terrorist attack,
06:08was billed as a celebration of peace and friendship.
06:11Our next report meets a survivor who recalls the moment the music stopped and the horror
06:17began.
06:18Yarin Ilovich, aka Artifex, says music is his safe space.
06:24Still, he was the last DJ to perform at the Supernova music festival in Israel on October
06:297, when Hamas militants launched a terrorist attack.
06:33Since then, Yarin has played his set again several times, dedicating it to other survivors.
06:39Many people told me that it's like a closure for them, to hear me again without any bombs
06:45in my head or that the set is finished and not stopped in the middle.
06:50The Psytrance festival was in full swing when at 6.30am one of the organisers told Yarin
06:56to stop the music.
06:57When I told him to shut down, he said yes, he's a code red, that means like a missile
07:03above the head.
07:05Code red, code red, code red.
07:07After like five minutes, there's still a missile above the head and it doesn't stop, like thousands
07:14of missiles.
07:15Most of the estimated 3,000 festival goers only started to realise the scale of the threat
07:21when they were asked to leave.
07:23By then, gunmen from Hamas and other militant Islamist groups had arrived.
07:27They started to kill, rape or kidnap those that weren't able to escape.
07:32As the roads clogged up with people fleeing, Yarin and some friends left their cars and
07:36ran into the desert.
07:38They were lucky, police dragged them under a car.
07:40You can hear the bullets cut the air above your head, that you are feeling that if you
07:45do like this, you get a bullet.
07:47For four hours under the vehicles, you can hear the walkie-talkie of the police and that
07:53I think was one of the worst situations because you hear that they kill us.
08:01Yarin also overheard how police were completely overwhelmed by the situation.
08:06But during a break in the gunfire, they managed to evacuate him and six others from their
08:10spot next to Kibbutz Reim to a police station in Ofakim that also came under attack.
08:15However, from there, Yarin and the others managed to get to a safe location.
08:20On this way, it was like the most apocalyptic look that I ever saw because it was in the
08:26middle of the desert, there is nothing and dead bodies and burned vehicles.
08:33Around 360 people were killed at the festival site, 40 were abducted to Gaza.
08:38Some are still being held hostage.
08:42Yarin went to therapy and says what helps him most to cope is returning to the stage.
08:48Even in the most terrible situation that what was on October 7, one of the strongest message
08:53of the Nova community is we will dance again.
08:56Earlier, I had the chance to talk to Michael Levy, the brother of hostage Orr Levy.
09:03Orr Levy has been held in Gaza for a year now.
09:05Hamas militants abducted him from the Nova music festival.
09:09His wife, Ena, was murdered.
09:11I began by asking Michael if he's heard anything about his brother.
09:20We know that Orr was kidnapped alive and he wasn't severely injured.
09:26And the assumption of the army is that he's still alive.
09:29But other than that, we don't have any more information, unfortunately.
09:35What do you think needs to be done to secure the release of Orr and the other hostages
09:41still in Gaza?
09:45It's very simple.
09:48Israel and Hamas has to seal a deal.
09:52And I believe that the international community has an obligation to make sure it happens
10:02because this is not just an Israeli issue.
10:08Hamas terrorists promised themselves that if this continues, they will do it again and
10:17again and again.
10:18But next time in Berlin and in New York and in London, and if the international community
10:25won't make sure it will end soon and the hostages will be returned, it will happen again.
10:35How hopeful are you, Michael, that your brother will be released?
10:43I know he will be released.
10:48The simple fact is that we want rest and we will turn the world upside down if needed
10:56to release Orr and the rest of the hostages.
10:58We have no choice.
10:59I won't let his three-year-old son grow up without his father.
11:06This is a terrible situation for you and your family, obviously, for the families of all
11:11the hostages.
11:13Can you tell us a bit about how the past year has been for you personally?
11:20Honestly, it doesn't feel like a year because for us, this whole year felt like one very
11:31long and very bad day.
11:32You wake up every morning and it's the same thing over and over again.
11:38You have to wake up and tell yourself that today is the day and you have to stay strong
11:45and to keep fighting and to tell the story over and over and over again because I want
11:51people to understand that Orr is not just a picture, it's not just a number.
11:57All of the hostages are human beings with real lives and hopes and dreams and plans
12:02for the future, exactly like you and I.
12:07The world has to understand this is not a political issue.
12:11It's a humanitarian issue and it can happen to everyone.
12:16Hamas always didn't care if Orr was an Israeli, German or an American.
12:23They kidnapped everyone and they murdered everyone, including kids, babies, women, elderly people.
12:33This can be anyone in the world and this is what's important here to remind everyone
12:44that they are human beings and it's a humanitarian issue and they need to be home with their
12:49loved ones.
12:51Your brother's wife, Enev, was murdered in the attack on the Nova Music Festival.
12:57What do you know about the final minutes of your brother and his wife?
13:06About 10 minutes before the terrorists arrived, Orr managed to call my mother from inside
13:13the bomb shelter where they were hiding from the missile attack.
13:18He was completely terrified.
13:19He just repeated the sentence, Mom, you don't want to know what's going on here.
13:26We know now that a few minutes after the terrorists arrived to the bomb shelter, it
13:32became a death trap to them.
13:34They threw grenades inside, they sprayed the bomb shelter with bullets, they even fired
13:40an RPG into a tiny space.
13:45I don't know if people understand what a bomb shelter is, but in this case it's just a bus
13:52stop made of concrete, not even a door.
13:58They squeezed inside together with 27 other people.
14:05This place can barely fit six or seven people and they managed to squeeze 29 people.
14:14So this comes to show you how horrible this situation was.
14:23You have a three-year-old nephew, Almog, is his name, I understand, who's the son of Orr
14:30and Enev.
14:31How do you speak to him about what happened to his parents?
14:37I believe this is the most challenging part, because how can you let a three-year-old son
14:46understand that his mom won't come back, that his father is held somewhere in the tunnels
14:53of Gaza by monsters?
14:56How can anyone understand it?
14:58I can't understand it, so I do not expect a three-year-old boy to understand it.
15:06But he misses them every day.
15:08He wants to go home, he wants to see his father again, his mother again.
15:14Unfortunately, his mom won't come back, but his father is still alive and we can bring
15:17him back.
15:18Just a few months ago, he said, Almog celebrated his third birthday with no parents.
15:27No kid in the world should suffer like this.
15:33What would you say, Michael, is the biggest obstacle to getting your brother and the other
15:39hostages back?
15:43I think that the Israeli government is getting a lot of pressure and Hamas and their financers
15:57like Qatar and Iran are not being pressured enough.
16:05They have to understand that this crime against humanity cannot continue.
16:13And I believe it's the job of the international community to make Iran and Qatar understand
16:22that if they keep financing Hamas, and as long as there are hostages inside Gaza, and
16:29they don't do anything to bring them back, there will be consequences.
16:36And they have to pay for what they are doing, and for every day that 101 hostages, innocent
16:45civilians are held inside Gaza.
16:49Michael, thank you very much for talking with us today.
16:53That was Michael Levy.
17:00In the year since the Hamas-led terrorist attacks, global alliances with Israel have
17:05been put under intense pressure.
17:07The war that Israel is fighting against Hamas has claimed at least 40,000 lives, according
17:12to the Gazan Health Ministry.
17:14This affected Israel's reputation and strained its relations abroad.
17:20Germany has a special relationship with Israel, rooted in its historical responsibility for
17:24the Holocaust in which six million Jews were murdered.
17:28Here's a look at how Germany's relationship with Israel has evolved since last October.
17:34Germany's Chancellor had a script.
17:36He couldn't get this wrong.
17:38The security of Israel and its citizens is Staatsräson.
17:43The government was in Israel ten days after the 7th of October attacks.
17:46By Staatsräson, he meant Germany's fundamental pledge to guarantee Israel's security, born
17:52out of the country's responsibility for the Holocaust.
17:56And his government backed those words with actions.
17:59Within weeks, Germany increased its weapons exports to Israel tenfold.
18:05Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock travelled to the region 11 times in 12 months, always
18:11stressing Germany's commitment.
18:14But then, as Israel's military intervention against Hamas caused a humanitarian disaster
18:19in Gaza, German statements began to gain nuance.
18:23We cannot stand by and watch Palestinians risk starvation.
18:28When the International Court of Justice in The Hague ordered Israel to take measures
18:33to prevent war crimes listed in the Genocide Convention, Germany faced a moral conflict
18:40back the court or an Israeli government willing to defy its rulings.
18:46The German government has in a way looked the other way and not realized how extreme
18:53the political landscape in Israel has become.
18:56As Benjamin Netanyahu intensified attacks rather than pulling back as the court demanded,
19:01there was global outrage and the toughest language from Germany to date.
19:07And as a friend of Israel, I want to be frank.
19:13This anger is not helping Israel to meet its security needs.
19:17To the contrary, it only serves Hamas' cynical drive to provoke further escalation.
19:27Israel must exercise its right to self-defense within the framework of international humanitarian
19:33law.
19:35This new tone sparked concerns that Germany's commitment could be waning.
19:43Israel is in the front row, the front row against all these terrorists.
19:47And I hope we stand there with our friends who understand this.
19:52Those friends of Israel, above all Germany and the US, have also been trying to broker
19:57a ceasefire, first in Gaza, then in Lebanon.
20:01But Netanyahu insisted on a full Hamas surrender.
20:05But if they don't, we will fight until we achieve victory, total victory.
20:12There is no substitute for it.
20:15Hours later, he ordered the airstrike on Beirut that killed the Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.
20:22As the United States increased its military support for Israel, Germany voiced words of
20:26alarm.
20:30The military logic is one thing, in view of the elimination of Hezbollah terrorists.
20:35But the security logic is something else.
20:39This risks the destabilization of the whole of Lebanon.
20:43And that is by no means in the interest of the security of Israel.
20:51In 12 months, Germany has gone from unconditional solidarity with Israel to marking the difference
20:57between Israel's national security interests and the interests of the government of Benjamin
21:03Netanyahu.
21:04A small step in rhetoric, but for some, a giant leap in how Germany fulfills its commitment
21:10to Israel.
21:13The October 7th attacks triggered Israel's war against Hamas in Gaza and reignited the
21:19conflict between Israel and another Iran-backed militant group, Hezbollah, in Lebanon.
21:25The Israeli army says it has deployed a third division of troops across the Lebanese border
21:30after launching more airstrikes on the southern suburbs of Beirut overnight.
21:35Israel says the massive explosions struck Hezbollah targets.
21:38The militant group launched its own salvo into Israel with the first direct strike on
21:43the port city of Haifa since the conflict began.
21:50Journalist Karim Al-Ghwari is in the Lebanese capital, Beirut.
21:53I asked him for the latest on the airstrikes in Beirut.
22:23So that's the situation in Lebanon.
22:51Hezbollah in Lebanon also fired rockets at northern Israel again, hitting the port city
22:57of Haifa.
22:58It seems Hezbollah's military capabilities are still intact, Karim.
23:03Yeah, there was this strike on Haifa.
23:07Israel was reporting at least 10 people injured and is investigating how the rockets could
23:15get through and were not intercepted.
23:18For Hezbollah, of course, it's a message.
23:20The message is we're still existing.
23:22You might have killed our leader.
23:25You might have killed lots of our commanders.
23:29But we are still able to fire onto northern Israel and not only that, more deep into Haifa,
23:36which is about 30 kilometers away from the Lebanese border.
23:40So the message of Netanyahu was when he started to escalate this, he talked about an escalation
23:47in order to de-escalate.
23:49And now Hezbollah is trying to prove the point that this is not going to work.
23:54The head of the UN Refugee Agency, Filippo Grandi, has just visited Beirut.
23:59What's he been saying, Karim?
24:02Well, yeah, he was just here in Beirut looking at the situation of the now 1.2 million internally
24:11displaced people, 1.2 million of a population of 5.5 million people here in Lebanon.
24:16He said international law must be respected and cannot be ignored, maybe also a reference
24:22to the, for example, more than 50 paramedics that were alone killed in the last few days.
24:29He said families have been left homeless, stranded in open air, traumatized children,
24:33unable to understand what's happening.
24:35And then he adds, he says it's an urgent moral imperative to help the people affected by
24:41this recent escalation.
24:43They should not pay the price by this abysmal failure to find political solution and end
24:48this vicious circle of violence.
24:50Now, this hour of overwhelming need, the world must come to Lebanon's aid.
24:55That are the words of the head of the UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR.
25:01Karim, thank you very much for bringing us up to date.
25:03That was journalist Karim El Gouari in Beirut.