Ruknuddin Baibars Ep2 Historical Novel in Urdu Hindi Adabistan
Ruknuddin Baibars Ep2 Historical Novel in Urdu Hindi Adabistan
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00:00In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful
00:07Rukn-ud-din Baibars
00:10A great conqueror of the Islamic world
00:13Who was in front of the Mongols
00:17Halaq-ud-Din Khan got the news of the defeat of his advisor Aribuqa
00:21When he was going towards the desert of Gobi
00:25And he had predicted that he would attack Egypt from the desert of Gobi
00:29And he would destroy Egypt
00:32On the other hand, Amir Rukn-ud-din Baibars
00:34Defeated the Mongols in Ain Jalut and broke their back
00:38But his work was incomplete
00:40Because despite defeating the Mongols in Ain Jalut
00:44He was seeing that the Mongols were roaming in the cities of Halab, Hama, Damascus and many other Muslim cities
00:53Now Rukn-ud-din Baibars came into action with his army
00:56In a stormy battle, he attacked the Mongols in different cities of Syria
01:01He broke their fortifications and defeated them
01:04And forced them to flee
01:06In this stormy battle, Baibars also killed all these treacherous Muslims
01:11Who had collaborated with Halaq-ud-Din Khan, an attacker against the Muslims
01:16And his successes were proven in his efforts
01:20Within a few days, Rukn-ud-din Baibars defeated the Mongols from all the areas of Syria
01:27He also knew that Halaq-ud-Din Khan would return and take revenge on the Muslims
01:31Therefore, he also wanted to increase the number of his army
01:34He wanted to strengthen and stabilize the army
01:37Therefore, he left some of his soldiers and soldiers in the land of Syria
01:42And went back to Cairo
01:44An unfortunate incident took place in Cairo these days
01:47When Ameer Rukn-ud-Din Baibars killed the Mongols from Syria and Palestine and expelled them
01:54Then the Sultan of Egypt, Malik Muzaffar, appointed the son of Badr-ud-Din Lolo as the ruler of Aleppo
02:01Because Badr-ud-Din Lolo supported Halaq-ud-Din Khan during the attack on Baghdad
02:05Therefore, seeing this situation, many Umrahs were against Malik Muzaffar
02:10Therefore, he ended it
02:13And in his place, Rukn-ud-Din Baibars chose his leader and Sultan
02:17Thus, on 17th Zikad, Hijri 585, in 1260, Rukn-ud-Din Baibars became the Sultan of Egypt
02:25On the announcement of his coronation, the people of Egypt expressed great satisfaction and satisfaction
02:30Because Rukn-ud-Din Baibars had previously gained a prominent position in Egypt's politics, winning victories against the French in Mansura and Gaza
02:39And now, by defeating the Mongols in Ain-e-Jalut, he had become the star of the eyes of the people of Egypt
02:47Therefore, when he was made the Sultan, the people of Egypt welcomed him not only as a Sultan, but also prayed for his long life
02:57In fact, the victory of Ain-e-Jalut had made Rukn-ud-Din Baibars' love for Egypt and Syria to reach the peak
03:05The people of Egypt thought that they had been successful because of Baibars' courage, bravery, and moral character
03:12And they also thought that Sultan Rukn-ud-Din Baibars had the ability to deal with the Mongols and the Crusaders and fulfill the aspirations of the people
03:21Sultan Rukn-ud-Din Baibars, because he was a slave before, therefore, he himself and the number of his successors after him were called slaves or Mamluk
03:31After becoming the Sultan of Egypt, Baibars named himself Al-Malik-uz-Zahir, therefore, in the history books, the Sultan is mostly remembered as Al-Malik-uz-Zahir
03:41As soon as he became the Sultan of Egypt, Rukn-ud-Din Baibars earned all the interests of the Sultanate, which had been born before
03:49And especially, he was born in the era of Malik Muzaffar
03:53Therefore, without any delay, he abolished all kinds of illegal taxes and acquisitions
03:59He shut down all the wineries, kajak houses, and gambling dens with strictness
04:06After becoming the sultan, the important issue in front of Sultan Baibars was to keep Syria safe from the dangers of the Mongols
04:12Because he was afraid that they could attack Syria at any time to take revenge for the defeat of Ain-e-Jalut
04:18Along with this, he also felt that the siege of Syria was entirely dependent on Al-Haq from Egypt
04:25And as long as all those rulers and chiefs who were in control of the small kingdoms and states in Syria
04:31Do not accept the occupation of Egypt, Syria will always be under the attack of the Mongols and the Crusaders
04:38Therefore, after a while of his resignation, he left with a powerful army to get rid of these problems
04:46He entered Syria and held a meeting in Damascus and invited the people of Syria to take an oath of allegiance
04:52The luck of the Muslims was that the people of Syria proved to be very generous
04:56They accepted his obedience without any delay
05:00And thus, not only Egypt, but also Syria became the sultan
05:04After uniting Syria, Sultan Baibars gave equal rights to the people of Egypt
05:11And announced that Syria is the other side of the Islamic Sultanate of Egypt
05:15And Damascus will be the second center of power of this united Sultanate
05:19Sultan Baibars kept the buildings of ancient families in some cities and states of Syria
05:24But imposed conditions on them that the rules and regulations of the central government will be followed
05:30Thus, Syria also became a part of the Kingdom of Sultan Baibars
05:35These days, Syria was a vast Sultanate
05:37Because at that time, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine and all areas of Israel used to be included in Syria
05:43There were only a few forts in the capture of the Nusrani people on the banks of the River Rome
05:48After completing all these tasks, Sultan Baibars began preparations to confront Halakhu Khan
05:54Where he strengthened his defense, he increased the number of his army
05:59He set fire to all forests and grasslands from Aleppo to Iraq
06:04So that the Mongol invaders could not advance easily
06:08After completing all these arrangements, Sultan Baibars once again went to Egypt from Syria
06:14After going back to Egypt from Syria, Sultan Baibars first abolished the Abbasid Caliphate
06:19With the destruction of the hands of Halakhu Khan, the Abbasid Caliphate was destroyed
06:24It was like a Caliphate
06:27In any case, it was the center of the nation for the Muslims
06:32After its destruction, Muslims were feeling a deep gap in their religious and political life
06:38Sultan Baibars was also aware of the emotions of the people in this matter
06:42Therefore, after the fall of power, he decided to abolish the Abbasid Caliphate
06:49And establish its center in Cairo
06:53At the time of the destruction of Baghdad by the Mongols, an Abbasid prince named Abul Qasim was imprisoned
06:59Later, when many prisoners escaped from Baghdad's prisons
07:04So that prince also escaped with these prisoners
07:07And remained in exile for three and a half years
07:10Coincidentally, Sultan Baibars learned about his whereabouts
07:13So he sent ten leaders and invited Abul Qasim to come to Egypt
07:18Abul Qasim accepted the invitation and entered Egypt with a few of his companions
07:22He was greatly welcomed in Egypt
07:25The city was decorated in a grand manner
07:28After this, Sultan Baibars, apart from the Qazi Al-Qaza of Egypt
07:32Other important leaders and officials also took the oath of allegiance at the hands of Abul Qasim
07:36This is how the Caliphate of Abbasid began
07:40In Egypt, Sultan Baibars issued the name of the new Abbasid Caliph Abul Qasim in coins and sermons
07:46On the other hand, Halakhu Khan also returned from his homeland of Gobi
07:50And now he was thinking about taking revenge from the Muslims for his defeat in Salar
07:55Halakhu Khan was very angry with Sultan Baibars
07:58Because Sultan Baibars had tied up the swords in front of the mighty force of the Tatars
08:04He had convinced the whole world of his bravery, his courage and his great personality
08:10Now because of Sultan Baibars, the country of Egypt and Syria had gained central importance
08:17Halakhu Khan wanted to create a new power in front of Sultan Baibars
08:21To compete with Sultan Baibars, the Crusaders of Mongolia and Eastern Europe had begun to unite
08:27And they had started to build a wall to overthrow the government of Egypt and Syria
08:33Sultan Baibars saw that the Mongols were uniting with the countries of Eastern Europe to attack him
08:40So he did not sit idly by
08:42Sultan Baibars was lucky that he divided the power of the Mongols into two parts
08:48Actually, Changes Khan had four sons
08:51Jochi Khan, Chukhtai Khan, Ugrai Khan and Tulai Khan
08:55Jochi Khan was considered the ruler of these areas which is now called Central Asia
09:00Jochi Khan had two sons, Batu Khan and Barkai Khan
09:05After Jochi, his son Batu Khan became the ruler of these areas
09:09After Batu, his younger brother Barkai Khan became the ruler of the areas near the Volga River
09:15The Muslims and Sultan Baibars were lucky that Changes Khan's grandson Barkai Khan accepted Islam
09:20Because of this, many Mongols started to embrace Islam
09:24Now Changes Khan had two grandsons
09:26One was Halakhu Khan who was against the Muslims
09:29And the other was Barkai Khan who was the ruler of the vast empire
09:33In these circumstances, Sultan Baibars wanted to compete with Halakhu Khan
09:36Therefore, Changes Khan's grandsons decided to form a brotherly relationship with Barkai Khan
09:42The elder brother of Halakhu Khan who was the ruler of the Mongols
09:47Apparently, there was an alliance between Halakhu Khan and Barkai Khan
09:50But there were serious differences between them
09:54Barkai Khan had converted to Islam
09:56And of course, he was sympathetic to the Muslims
09:59On the other hand, Halakhu Khan was a follower of his religion
10:02While his Christian wife Dacuza was a follower of Christian countries in Europe
10:10His Christian wife was the daughter of the Khaqan of the Qariyat tribe of the Turks
10:15Who were called Nasturi Christians
10:17Since Barkai Khan had converted to Islam, he was sympathetic to the Muslims
10:22He expressed his sympathy for the first time when Halakhu Khan attacked Baghdad and destroyed the city
10:29Barkai Khan wrote a letter in the name of Halakhu Khan
10:32In this letter, using a strict tone, Barkai Khan said to his uncle Halakhu Khan
10:37You have disrespected a sacred place
10:40And did not consult other members of your family in this matter
10:44In response to these words of Barkai Khan, Halakhu Khan was even more terrified
10:48This did not affect Barkai Khan's warning
10:50And rejected him in a sarcastic way
10:52He remained steadfast on his Muslim killing
10:55The areas he conquered, he was very strict with the Muslims
10:59And he was kind to the Christians
11:03Therefore, the Christians began to consider Halakhu Khan as their leader
11:07And on this basis, countless Christians began to join Halakhu Khan's army
11:12In this way, Halakhu Khan's strength and power was increasing day by day
11:16On this occasion, the famous historian Heraldium writes
11:19Halakhu Khan's hands passed from place to place
11:22Mosques were set on fire
11:24But the churches were not touched
11:27These news of the cruel of Halakhu Khan on Muslims
11:30The Mongolian ruler of the Volga River was also reaching Barkai Khan
11:34He was very angry at Halakhu Khan's Muslim hostility and cruelty
11:40When Halakhu Khan's brother and Mongolian ruler Mangu Khan died
11:44Barkai Khan and Halakhu Khan openly came face to face
11:49Changes Khan's children fought for the Mongolian ruler
11:54Barkai Khan supported one side and Halakhu Khan supported the other
11:59In the same way, the cold war between them was now turning into a hot war
12:06When Halakhu Khan and Barkai Khan openly came face to face
12:10Some of the Mongols in Halakhu Khan's army who were supporters of Barkai Khan
12:14Some of them came out of Halakhu Khan's army and started to support Barkai Khan
12:18Some of them came out of Halakhu Khan's army and started to support Barkai Khan
12:21They came to Egypt and accepted Islam like Barkai Khan
12:25They took refuge in Sultan Baybars
12:27The Mongols who took refuge in Sultan Baybars
12:30Barkai Khan and his great kingdom
12:34After knowing this detail, Sultan Baybars' long-sighted eyes immediately realized
12:39That it will be beneficial for Muslims to establish friendly relations with Barkai Khan
12:44Therefore, Sultan Baybars organized an embassy
12:48And sent it to the city of Barkai Khan through Constantinople
12:54Unfortunately, the emperor of Constantinople stopped this embassy for the sake of Halakhu Khan's happiness
13:01Because the Christian world was supporting Halakhu Khan
13:05Sultan Baybars was lucky that a delegation from Barkai Khan reached Cairo
13:10This delegation came to Sultan Baybars
13:13And a letter was presented to Sultan Baybars from Barkai Khan
13:17In this letter, Barkai Khan congratulated Sultan Baybars on defeating Halakhu Khan at Ain Jalut
13:24Arkhan of this delegation also handed a letter from Barkai Khan to Sultan Baybars
13:30In this letter, Barkai Khan wrote
13:32We are Muslims and we are fighting against our non-Muslim relatives, Halakhu Khan
13:37Therefore, the Sultan of Egypt should offer Halakhu Khan's grave in the valley of the River Firat
13:43For Sultan Baybars, this was a very pleasant message from the Muslim grandson of Genghis Khan, Barkai Khan
13:49From the message of Barkai Khan, Sultan Baybars understood
13:52That the most powerful ally against the Mongols who can meet him is himself the Mongols
13:57Therefore, he gave priority to the Mongols of Barkai Khan, who were Muslims
14:03Barkai Khan's ambassadors were given the title of Sultan-e-Beshbah-e-Khilat-e-Tahaif
14:08And in Egypt, Barkai Khan's name was also included in the sermon
14:13In addition to this, Sultan Baybars wrote a long letter in the name of Barkai Khan
14:18It is said that this letter consisted of 70 pages and the Sultan had written it with his own hands
14:24In this letter, the Sultan had also given references to various verses of the Holy Qur'an regarding Jihad
14:29And had also counted the Hadiths of Huzoor
14:32In addition to this, Sultan Baybars had also written to Barkai Khan
14:36That the Sultan himself is also from the tribe of Dasht-e-Kabchaq
14:39And as a humble Muslim, he sends greetings to his great Muslim brother
14:44In his letter, the Sultan also wrote that
14:46This is the biggest and most important thing for him
14:49That Azeem Barkai Khan sees his cousin brother Halaq-e-Khan's aggressors with a view of hatred
14:54Halaq-e-Islam is busy in destroying the nation
14:57And this humble Baybars is striving to save Islam
15:01He made Khilafat in Egypt
15:04And now he is busy in the preparations of Jihad against Halaq-e-Khan
15:08The Sultan also wrote that
15:10This humble Baybars also finds it important to inform his brother Barkai Khan
15:15That in the Jama Masjid of Cairo, along with Abbas-e-Khalifa and my name
15:18A sermon on the name of Barkai Khan has also been recited
15:21The Sultan wrote that I and all Muslims will be grateful to you
15:25If Halaq-e-Khan makes a move to attack us
15:28Then you should attack him from behind
15:31After giving this letter, the Sultan sent the ambassadors of Barkai Khan with great respect
15:36In addition to this, he also sent some of his own ambassadors to Barkai Khan with a lot of expensive gifts
15:42Among these gifts sent to Barkai Khan from Sultan Baybars
15:45There is a rare copy of the Quran
15:47On which the seal of Khalifa Salih Hazrat Usman bin Affan was inscribed
15:51Elephant teeth, Abnoz
15:53And a pillow made of sandalwood
15:55Many Munkash and Zartar Musalla
15:58And Jai Namaz
15:59Silver Tashtariya
16:00Nafis swords of Nakri Dast
16:03Khwazam's chest
16:04Silk Dori Damashki Kamane
16:07Nizah, Teer, Tarkash
16:09Nafis curtains of different colors
16:11Shama Daan
16:12Beautiful veils of pillows
16:14Cow pillows
16:15Sangi Deghe
16:16Tamed monkeys
16:18Who were wearing silk clothes
16:20Fresh horses
16:22Donkeys
16:23Giraffes
16:24Fast camel
16:25High-class parrots
16:27Abyssinian slaves
16:28Khwaja Sehra
16:29And in addition to well-behaved puppies
16:31And innumerable animals
16:33Which could not be counted
16:35Caesar of Rome had stopped the first embassy of Egypt in Constantinople
16:39So he was afraid that he would also stop this embassy
16:42The Sultan threatened Caesar of Rome to counter this threat
16:45That if he stops the ambassadors of Egypt
16:48Then he will capture all the Christian merchants in his country
16:52And will end all his trade relations with Constantinople
16:56Along with this, he threatened Caesar of Rome with the Christian priests of his country
17:01That they will also refuse to accept the Caliphate of Calaisa
17:05The Sultan's actions came to Caesar of Rome's senses
17:08And he also released the ambassadors who had been stopped earlier
17:12And let the emissaries go to their destination
17:16When the Egyptian emissaries reached Barqai Khan in the city center
17:19Then he welcomed them warmly
17:22He was very happy to receive Sultan Weber's letter and invitation
17:27He sent a message of gratitude to the Sultan
17:29And assured him of full cooperation and help
17:31Thus, deep friendships were established between these two great rulers
17:37Barqai Khan's capital at that time was just a tent city
17:41Its name was Sarai Barqair
17:44He sent a message to Sultan Weber that he should send artists and carpenters from Egypt
17:48Who should build bricks and stone buildings for him
17:52The Sultan immediately sent many carpenters, carpenters and other artisans to Barqai Khan
17:57Who built innumerable houses, neighborhoods, madrasas, mosques, sarais and guest houses in this tent city within a few years
18:06With the help of Sultan Weber, Khanabadosh Mongols were rejuvenated
18:11After Barqai Khan's coronation, many Muslims from Samarkand, Bukhara, etc.
18:17Many scholars were also included
18:19They went to Barqai Khan and started living
18:21At Barqai Khan's behest, these scholars started preaching Islam in Mongols
18:26As a result, there was a lot of discussion about Islam in the houses
18:31In Barqai Khan's house, Islam spread so quickly
18:34That all the princes and princesses of Barqai Khan had to offer prayers one by one
18:40And there was a mosque to give the call to prayer
18:43And schools were established in all the cities of the Sultanate
18:46In which the children of the people were taught the Holy Quran
18:50When the unity was established between Sultan Weber and Barqai Khan
18:53At the behest of the Sultan, many Egyptian and Shami scholars also started reaching Barqai Khan
18:58And there the work of preaching Islam was started
19:01On the other hand, many Mongols also left the house of Halaqu Khan
19:05And settled in Egypt
19:07And they accepted Islam through the preaching of the Sultan
19:10And started proving themselves to be good citizens
19:15With the grandson of Genghis Khan, Barqai Khan
19:17The friendly relations of Sultan Weber began to have very good results
19:22In the blink of an eye, the humiliating defeat of the Mongol army
19:25Had made Halaqu Khan a monster
19:28And he was ready to attack Egypt
19:31And was in a state of extreme anger
19:33On the other hand, Sultan Weber was also not unaware of the situation of Halaqu
19:37And he was busy preparing for battle day and night to retaliate
19:42He had annihilated a fierce army with all kinds of weapons
19:47And he was trained in such a way that he could deal with Mongol attacks
19:52In this army, apart from Mongol Muslims, Turks
19:55Especially those Turks who were enslaved
19:59And they had reached Egypt while selling
20:02These Turks were called Mamluks
20:04And these Mamluks were recruited in large numbers
20:08Their claim was that they would eat the Mongols
20:12When Halaqu Khan was busy preparing to attack Sultan Weber
20:17In this era, Sultan Weber also walked with Barq Raftari in different areas of Syria
20:22Wherever he would stay with his army
20:25He would sleep in his tent in war clothes at night
20:28And would not stay anywhere more than one night
20:31A fast horse was always ready in his tent
20:35On which the armor was stretched
20:37So that whenever news of the Mongol attack was received
20:39He would reach in front of them without delay
20:42He had burned all the grass from Aleppo city to Firaat valley
20:46He had cut down the trees
20:48And had emptied the surrounding villages
20:51So that the Mongols could not get food
20:53And their horses could not get fodder
20:55On the other hand, he had prepared his powerful ally Barqa Khan
20:58To attack Halaqu Khan's army from Uqba
21:02In these circumstances, in the winter of 1262
21:05Halaqu Khan moved with his army
21:08To attack Egypt and Syria
21:11On the other hand, Halaqu Khan's cousin Barqa Khan
21:15Who had accepted Islam
21:17He also had a close eye on Halaqu Khan
21:19He had spread his Mongol spies around
21:22When he saw that Halaqu Khan was moving with his army
21:26So that he could attack Egypt and Syria
21:29So he attacked Halaqu's army from the back
21:33Now Halaqu was in a strange confusion and confusion
21:37Because the two armies of Mongols had clashed
21:40There were continuous clashes between Halaqu Khan and Barqa Khan
21:44And the long sequence of these clashes had started
21:47Although there was no significant loss of any kingdom from this war
21:51Because the ranks of Barqa Khan and Halaqu Khan's kingdom were so vast
21:56That it was almost impossible to defeat each other
21:59However, it was so beneficial
22:02That due to the attacks from the back of Barqa Khan
22:05Halaqu Khan was no longer able to attack Egypt and Syria
22:09Now there were dangers for Halaqu Khan
22:12First, there was only one front of him, Egypt and Syria
22:16Now there were two fronts in front of him
22:18One of Egypt and Syria and the other of Barqa Khan
22:21Now Halaqu Khan was starting to feel danger for himself
22:25Towards the east and west of Bahira-e-Khizar
22:27And he was forced to protect the borders of both sides
22:31Apart from this, Bukhara, Samarkand, Rasikh-ul-Aqeeda and Jangju Muslims
22:36Also announced Jihad against Halaqu Khan and in support of Barqa Khan
22:40And started to add to Halaqu Khan's problems
22:44Halaqu Khan was shocked by the alliance of Sultan Baybars and Barqa Khan
22:49He was convinced that any time Barqa Khan and Baybars would attack him
22:54Then their two-sided attacks would destroy him and his armies
22:59Keeping this situation in mind, Halaqu Khan increased his strength
23:04He turned towards the Christian world and tried to find an ally for himself
23:09First of all, he wrote a letter to the emperor of Constantinople
23:13In which he asked his son Abaqa Khan to marry his daughter Maria
23:17Along with this, he also wrote a letter to the king of England, Pope Rome
23:22That we should be united against Egypt
23:25Caesar Rome accepted Halaqu's proposal without any hesitation
23:29But the king of England and Pope Rome got involved in their internal disputes
23:34In this matter, Halaqu Khan did not give any answer
23:37On the other hand, when Sultan Baybars came to know that Halaqu Khan
23:41Is getting the proposal of the daughter of the emperor of Constantinople
23:44He wants to increase his strength and power
23:47When his alliance with the emperor of Constantinople will be established
23:51It was necessary that the people of Constantinople will send their armies to help Halaqu Khan
23:56Baybars was very much worried about this step of Halaqu Khan
24:00Sultan Baybars was already keeping a close eye on Halaqu Khan's political agenda
24:06Keeping this situation in mind, he sent a fast-moving message to Barqa Khan
24:11And gave him a message that Halaqu Khan has asked for the proposal of the daughter of the emperor of Constantinople
24:16To unite the Christian world against us
24:20Sultan Baybars also advised Barqa Khan to ask for the proposal of the daughter of the emperor of Constantinople for his nephew Nogai
24:28As soon as Barqa Khan got this message from Sultan Baybars, he immediately decided to react
24:34He sent his messengers to the emperor of Constantinople and asked for the proposal of his daughter for his nephew
24:41The emperor of Constantinople was aware of Barqa Khan's strength and power
24:46Therefore, he agreed to give the proposal of his second daughter to Barqa Khan's nephew Nogai
24:52With this, Sultan Baybars made a trade agreement with the emperor of Constantinople
24:57Through which the merchants of both countries could come to each other's ports
25:01In this way, Sultan Baybars had made the emperor of Constantinople completely unilateral in world politics
25:07During this time, Halaqu Khan's misfortune was such that he started a war with Barqa Khan
25:14In this war, Barqa Khan and his nephew Nogai defeated Halaqu Khan
25:18Halaqu Khan ran away with his army after winning the war
25:21Halaqu Khan lost his army while passing over a frozen river
25:26Halaqu Khan was so saddened by his defeat that he died after this war
25:30A few days after his death, his Christian wife Dacuza also passed away
25:36Halaqu Khan and his wife Dacuza's death saddened the Christian world
25:41And they blamed the Muslims that clever Muslims poisoned them and killed them
25:47Because they were a threat to the Islamic world
25:51Some western people even said that Sultan Baybars was responsible for poisoning them
25:56This thought is of some western historians
25:59While non-western historians write that Halaqu Khan and his wife died a natural death
26:05Whatever happened, Christians mourned Halaqu Khan and his wife's death
26:10After Halaqu Khan's death, a Christian historian Ibn-ul-Abri wrote
26:15Which was a co-effect of Sultan Baybars
26:17He expressed his feelings on the death of Halaqu Khan and his wife Dacuza in these words
26:22The whole Christian world was shocked by the death of both the protectors and leaders of the Christian world
26:28This Christian historian Ibn-ul-Abri was born in Haltia city
26:33And he died in Maragha city
26:36He belonged to the Christian sect of Jacobia
26:39And he was considered among the famous historians and doctors of his time
26:43He wrote more than 30 books in Arabic and Syriac
26:47On the death of Halaqu Khan and his wife Dacuza
26:49Another Christian historian Stephen expressed his feelings on the death of Halaqu Khan
26:55The king of the world, the protector of the Christians died
26:59And after that his wife Dacuza died
27:03In piety, his status was not less than Qustuntin and his mother Helen
27:08In this way, Halaqu Khan, who considered himself a god for the Muslims, reached his end
27:16In these circumstances, if Halaqu Khan had not died and lived for some more time
27:21There would have been no difference in his survival
27:23Because Sultan Baybars had taken so much strength and power to fight him
27:28He was ready to fight against Halaqu Khan alone
27:35In any case, Halaqu Khan reached his end
27:39After the end of Halaqu Khan, Sultan Baybars turned to the Christians around him
27:46Although Sultan Baybars was a very religious Muslim
27:49But he did not have much prejudice against the followers of Christians and other religions
27:56There were many Christians in Sultan Baybars's kingdom
27:59Whose number reached thousands
28:01These people were excluded from military service
28:04And instead of this, they paid a small amount of Jizya to the government
28:09Apart from this, they had complete rights of citizenship
28:12And they also performed their religious rituals freely in Sultan Baybars's kingdom
28:18In Sultan Baybars's kingdom, there were many churches of these Christians and monasteries of monks
28:24Sultan Baybars and his government, like mosques, also protected these places
28:30In these churches and monasteries, the priests had established their Madrasas
28:36There they had complete freedom to teach according to their religion
28:41Despite this behavior of Sultan Baybars, the Crusaders of the Eastern Territory
28:45Who occupied many areas of Lebanon, Syria and Palestine
28:49Especially, they had occupied the coastal ports of Bahrain and had established their own states
28:55They considered the Sultan as their worst enemy
28:58And these Christians, apart from Europe, along with the Mongols, were involved in Islamic hostilities
29:04Sultan Baybars took the blame of these evil Crusaders
29:08And planned to purify Syria, Palestine and Lebanon from their impure existence
29:14These Crusaders had the special supervision and help of the kings of Papyrus, France and England
29:20Therefore, there was no question of friendly relations with these influential rulers
29:25However, the attitude of the Christian king of Constantinople was somewhat shaky
29:29Therefore, the Sultan forced him to stay away through his wisdom
29:34After Constantinople, the Sultan also began to increase relations with the Christian communities of Venus and Geneva
29:41Because these people were more fond of their commercial interests than their religious conflicts
29:48Therefore, the Sultan made a trade agreement with them and established friendly relations
29:53These two communities were in severe trade competition
29:58But both of them began to consider the Sultan as their true friend
30:02Western historians have written a strange incident in this regard
30:05Which they have interpreted as the best policy of Sultan Baybars
30:09They state that once the relations between these two countries became very tense
30:14The two parties requested the Sultan to become the third party and resolve their dispute
30:19Therefore, Sultan Baybars behaved in such a way that instead of reconciliation, war broke out between the two countries
30:25And the two countries began to fight each other
30:30In this way, Sultan Baybars weakened the strength and power of these two countries with his wisdom
30:36Muslim historians write on this statement of Western historians
30:40It is not known to what extent the Western historians are truthful in this statement
30:45However, it is an incident that the relations between these two opposing states remained unfriendly to the Sultan
30:51A few years after these incidents, the Sultan took a step forward in the matter of reconciliation with the Christian world
30:57During this time, Sultan Baybars learned through his informants and informants
31:01That Italy and Sardinia's Firma Rava Munfred and Papai Rom have been unbound
31:07So much so that the Pope has expelled Italy and Sardinia's Firma Rava from the church
31:12The reason for this was that the king of Italy and Sardinia, Munfred, was an intellectual and a Muslim-minded ruler
31:19He had not only given complete religious freedom to the Muslims of his country
31:24In fact, he had also placed many Muslims in his government
31:29Keeping these circumstances in mind, Sultan Baybars sent a friendly embassy to Italy and Sardinia's King Munfred in the leadership of his country's top scholar and Qazi Ibn Wasil
31:40Munfred gave the Sultan's ambassadors excellence and dignity
31:46Due to this time, friendly meetings were held between the rulers of Italy and Sardinia and the Sultan
31:53As long as Sultan Baybars and King Munfred were alive, there were very pleasant relations between them
31:59These relations were seen from the point of view of the rulers of Italy and France
32:03Therefore, in 1266, the army of the Pope and the king of France killed Munfred
32:12After his death, the friendship between Egypt and Italy also ended
32:23Thank you