In this video, we explain how the United States Elects its President. The U.S. Presidential Election is a complex, multi-stage process that has shaped American democracy for over two centuries. It involves three main steps: primaries and caucuses, national conventions and campaigning, and the general election with the Electoral College. This system has produced 46 presidents through 59 elections. Despite its significance, many find the process confusing.
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00:00I, Gerald R. Ford, do solemnly swear.
00:03I, Barack Hussein Obama, do solemnly swear.
00:05I, Donald John Trump, do solemnly swear.
00:09I, Joseph Robinette Biden Jr., do solemnly swear
00:12that I will faithfully execute
00:14the office of President of the United States.
00:16Trump! Trump! Trump!
00:18USA! USA!
00:20That is a war that's dying to be settled.
00:23I will get it settled before I even become President, if I win.
00:26This war would be over within 24 hours,
00:28because he would just give it up.
00:30The United States' presidential election process,
00:33a cornerstone of American democracy,
00:36has been a subject of intrigue and complexity
00:39since the nation's founding.
00:42Throughout the 59 elections,
00:44the system has delivered 46 presidents,
00:47each election bringing its own unique challenges and outcomes.
00:52Despite its significance,
00:54the intricacies of the U.S. electoral process
00:57still need to be clarified to many,
01:00both domestically and internationally.
01:04From the initial stages of party nomination
01:07to the final tally of electoral college,
01:10the journey to the White House is multifaceted
01:13and often misunderstood.
01:16In this video, we aim to provide a comprehensive breakdown
01:21of the entire electoral process.
01:24We will explore how the political parties select their candidates,
01:28examine the role of primary election and caucus,
01:31and also elucidate the function of electoral college
01:35in determining the ultimate victor
01:37of the United States' presidential election.
01:52To start with, let's break down this process into three big steps.
01:58First step is primaries and caucuses.
02:01Second step is national convention and election campaign.
02:05And the third step is general election and electoral college.
02:10Starting with the primaries and caucuses,
02:13these are kind of baby steps to become the primary.
02:18These are kind of baby steps to become the president of United States
02:23and for that one needs to pass the eligibility criteria.
02:27Look, to become the president of United States,
02:30candidates must meet some specific legal requirements.
02:35These include being a natural-born U.S. citizen residing for U.S.
02:40for at least 14 years and being at least 35 years old.
02:46Natural-born citizenship applies to individuals also born in United States,
02:50children of U.S. citizens born abroad,
02:52and those born overseas with one citizen parent.
02:56In American history, while many have attempted to run independent
03:01as the presidential candidate,
03:03two parties have consistently dominated the electoral campaign,
03:08the Democrats and the Republican Party,
03:10which is also known as the Grand Old Party.
03:13Most of the presidential candidates have emerged from these two parties only,
03:18sharing broad ideological similarities,
03:20but differing on specific policy approaches.
03:24The path to presidency begins with candidates announcing their intent to run.
03:29They then embark on extensive campaign across the 50 states and Washington, D.C.,
03:35engaging in rallies, communicative interaction,
03:39and also meeting with the local party leaders and party supporters.
03:43This process allows the candidates to build their base
03:46and then articulate their vision for the country.
03:49The campaign strategies also frequently involve
03:53critiquing opponents' policies inside the party and also their character.
03:57A recent example for this political sparring occurred within the Republican Party
04:02where the candidate, Vivek Ramaswamy,
04:04publicly criticized Nikki Haley's stance on the Ukraine war,
04:08going to as far to equate her name with corruption.
04:13During a Republican Party primary debate,
04:16once the campaign ends, each state then announces its path to elect the leader.
04:21Most of the states hold primaries for 6-9 months before the presidential election.
04:26The primary voters choose their preferred candidate anonymously by casting secret ballots.
04:32The state where the primary is held
04:35takes the result of the vote into account to award the delegate to the winner.
04:40Parties often set the target for this too.
04:44Like for the Republicans, it's 1,215 delegates to win the nomination.
04:50Donald Trump in 2024 has got 2,243 delegates for this.
04:56Whereas in Democrats, this time it was actually a virtual call vote
05:01with all backing Biden and then Biden himself endorsing Kamala Harris for the presidency.
05:11Simply put, the state delegates then attend National Convention RNC
05:15that is the Republican National Convention or DNC,
05:18the Democratic National Convention to confirm their chosen candidates.
05:22Each party officially announces its presidential nominee at the convention's end.
05:29If no candidate secures a majority of delegates during the primaries and caucuses,
05:33the convention delegates then gather together and elect a nominee through additional voting rounds.
05:40At the convention, the presidential candidate then chooses a vice-presidential running mate.
05:45As Donald Trump elected J.D. Vance this time
05:48and Kamala Harris elected Tim Walz for the vice-presidential role.
05:53Following the convention, the presidential candidate campaigned nationwide to gain public support.
05:58These conventions are usually a stage to show the unity within the party
06:04and also charge the supporters ahead of the crucial voting session.
06:08This process also ensures that each party has selected the strongest candidate for the general election.
06:15The conventions unite party behind their nominees and present a unified message to the voters.
06:22The vice-presidential selection is also a strategic decision
06:25offering to aim and strike a balance within the broader electoral appeal.
06:30And then comes the next part that is campaign mode
06:34which resumes when both candidates along with their VP pick
06:38goes city to city for rallies, interviews and also whole debate
06:42to prove who is more fit to lead the United States.
06:46And then comes the last and the most important part
06:53Now here as we stated before it is the most important part that is the election day.
06:58The culmination of this year-long presidential campaign process
07:02has now come to the election day that normally happens on the first Tuesday of November.
07:09Voters across the nation cast ballots for their preferred president and vice-president.
07:15While the major party candidates are always on the ballot
07:20minor party and independent candidates may also appear
07:24if they meet state-specific eligibility requirements.
07:28However, voters are not directly electing the president.
07:33Instead they are voting for electors a group of individuals
07:38that have pledged to support a specific candidate in the electoral college.
07:43Each state has its own state of electors for each candidate.
07:47Once the poll closes votes are then begin to be tallied
07:52but the process doesn't end here.
07:54The electoral college system then comes into motion
07:58adding another layer of the selection criteria for the presidency.
08:03The US presidential candidate is elected by the electoral college and not direct popular vote.
08:10Here's how it works.
08:12Each state is allocated a number of electors based on its congressional representation.
08:18There are total 538 electors in total and as mentioned before
08:23when citizens cast their vote they are actually choosing electors
08:27pledged to their preferred candidate.
08:30The electors then cast the vote for the president.
08:34Then to win the presidency a candidate also needs a majority of the electoral votes
08:40that is at least 270 out of the 538.
08:44A candidate can win the presidency by securing the majority of electoral votes
08:49even if they don't win the national popular vote.
08:52Like if one remembers Hillary Clinton got the most popular vote in 2016
08:58but the electoral college made Donald Trump the president.
09:02This unique process balances the state and the population based representation
09:08in selecting the president sometimes producing unexpected results
09:12from that differing from the national popular vote total.
09:15Sometimes the process also takes days to count the final tally of the votes.
09:20The half a mark of 270 is needed to secure the presidency in electoral college.
09:25Once the candidate crosses the electoral college mark he is declared president elect
09:31and then the congress certifies the leader for presidency.
09:35And at last the oath ceremony takes place and here we are
09:40you have a new in charge of the great superpower.
09:44This is indeed a very interesting electoral process
09:48from the early days of primaries to the caucuses and then to the final tally in the electoral college.
09:53Each step indeed plays a crucial role in shaping the nation's future.
09:58The system while sometimes controversial reflects America's unique blend of federal and state powers
10:05and it also ensures all the voices across the nation from diverse communities
10:10are heard in this selection process to the highest office.
10:14Now as we look in the future of this election it's clear that understanding this process
10:20is vital for every American citizen.
10:22Whether you are a first time voter or a seasoned politician or a political observer
10:28the presidential election remains a cornerstone of American democracy
10:33a testament to endure principles of representation and popular sovereignty.
10:38So do vote on 5th of November when this crucial moment arrives in your life.