El antiguo Reino de Sajonia, una región rica en historia y cultura, se ubica en la cuenca media del río Elba, regada por el afluente Mulde. Este territorio, situado en el este de Alemania, colinda con Polonia y la República Checa, lo que le otorga un carácter único y diverso. A lo largo de los siglos, Sajonia ha sido un crisol de influencias, donde se entrelazan tradiciones alemanas con matices eslavos.
La historia de Sajonia es fascinante, comenzando con su establecimiento como un ducado en la Edad Media y su ascenso a reino en el siglo XIX. Durante este tiempo, Sajonia se convirtió en un centro cultural y económico, conocido por su arte, música y arquitectura. Hoy en día, la región sigue siendo un lugar vibrante, donde las ciudades como Dresde y Leipzig brillan con un patrimonio artístico impresionante.
El actual estado de Sajonia, parte de la República Federal de Alemania, se caracteriza por un paisaje natural impresionante y una economía en crecimiento. La región es famosa por sus bosques, montañas y ríos, atrayendo a turistas de todo el mundo. Además, Sajonia se destaca por su educación superior, con universidades reconocidas a nivel internacional.
En resumen, el antiguo reino de Sajonia no solo es un testimonio de la historia europea, sino que también es un lugar dinámico que ofrece una mezcla de lo antiguo y lo moderno. Explora la belleza y la riqueza cultural de esta región en la cuenca del Elba.
**Hashtags:** #ReinoDeSajonia, #HistoriaDeAlemania, #CulturaEuropea
**Keywords:** antiguo reino, Sajonia, cuenca del Elba, historia de Sajonia, estado actual, Alemania oriental, cultura sajona, Dresde, Leipzig, turismo en Sajonia.
La historia de Sajonia es fascinante, comenzando con su establecimiento como un ducado en la Edad Media y su ascenso a reino en el siglo XIX. Durante este tiempo, Sajonia se convirtió en un centro cultural y económico, conocido por su arte, música y arquitectura. Hoy en día, la región sigue siendo un lugar vibrante, donde las ciudades como Dresde y Leipzig brillan con un patrimonio artístico impresionante.
El actual estado de Sajonia, parte de la República Federal de Alemania, se caracteriza por un paisaje natural impresionante y una economía en crecimiento. La región es famosa por sus bosques, montañas y ríos, atrayendo a turistas de todo el mundo. Además, Sajonia se destaca por su educación superior, con universidades reconocidas a nivel internacional.
En resumen, el antiguo reino de Sajonia no solo es un testimonio de la historia europea, sino que también es un lugar dinámico que ofrece una mezcla de lo antiguo y lo moderno. Explora la belleza y la riqueza cultural de esta región en la cuenca del Elba.
**Hashtags:** #ReinoDeSajonia, #HistoriaDeAlemania, #CulturaEuropea
**Keywords:** antiguo reino, Sajonia, cuenca del Elba, historia de Sajonia, estado actual, Alemania oriental, cultura sajona, Dresde, Leipzig, turismo en Sajonia.
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00:00How did they survive ambushes, contests and besieges?
00:04How did they survive the attacks?
00:07How did they survive the ambushes, contests and besieges?
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01:30Various children's drawings of the Middle Ages similar to this have survived to this day.
01:41A crusade was the biggest challenge a knight could face.
01:46He was used to being carried on a horse, not to maintain balance on a wobbly deck.
01:53Lord, have mercy.
01:58In the Sixth Crusade, ships were used, new and large, capable of carrying horses.
02:08But nothing was like what Heinrich von Neufen had imagined.
02:12A knight had not been born to sail.
02:18At least the horses can not vomit thanks to a sphincter located on the esophagus.
02:24The crusaders spent five long weeks at sea, facing bad weather, pirates and diseases.
02:34Heinrich had taken a cross blessed by the Pope.
02:37Lord, have mercy.
02:43Instead of making a dangerous journey through land of 3,000 kilometers,
02:47the knights of the Sixth Crusade set sail from Brindisi to the south of Italy in June 1228.
02:57Previous expeditions had used galleys that were rowing from port to port.
03:03The ships of the Sixth Crusade used Arabic navigation instruments and could sail by sea day and night.
03:11Each ship carried 40 knights and up to 100 horses.
03:18The Holy Roman Emperor Federico II had gathered a large fleet for the Sixth Crusade.
03:2450 ships would transport 800 knights and 3,000 soldiers on foot to the port of Acre,
03:30the entrance to the Holy Land.
03:38Heinrich survived the dangerous journey.
03:41After several weeks of darkness, hunger, thirst and inactivity, he was finally able to step on solid ground.
03:52Holy Lord.
03:55Protect us, give us courage and lead us to victory.
04:03Pope Urban II had promised that all who died in the Crusades would receive the immediate forgiveness of their sins.
04:18In 1228, Jerusalem was in the hands of the Seljuk Turks.
04:22They prevented Christian pilgrims from visiting the Holy Sepulchre, the traditional tomb of Christ.
04:29May God protect us! Let us march towards victory! Yes!
04:37Emperor Federico was determined to restore free access to Jerusalem.
04:44A crusade was a religious war against the vile race of infidels,
04:48as Pope Urban II said.
04:51Knightly laws were not applied to them.
04:57Many knights also went to the Crusades in the Holy Land for the love of God,
05:02the Lord of the Armies.
05:04They were considered holy warriors.
05:11Was the bloodshed inevitable?
05:14Was there no other solution?
05:16Federico was, above all, a politician and wanted to negotiate.
05:20The emir is waiting for us!
05:23The mere fact of trying it was an atrocity in the eyes of the Pope, and he was not the only one.
05:30Let those who have been thieves become knights.
05:34This is what Pope Urban II said in Europe when he organized the first Crusade in 1095.
05:40Be messengers of Christ and of the Holy Sepulchre.
05:44Be messengers of Christ and expel those heretics.
05:49Deus lo vult.
05:52It is the will of God.
05:55It is the will of God.
05:58Urban had the great idea of creating the concept of thousands of Christians or Christian knights.
06:04The knights would no longer face each other, but against the Muslims.
06:09Urban and his successors called the knights from all over Europe to join the Crusades.
06:18And again and again, Jerusalem exchanged hands between the Crusaders and the Muslims.
06:28Both sides were considered holy warriors and were equally brutal.
06:39While the knights fought in foreign lands, sometimes for years, without being sure that they would return, life continued at home.
06:52The lady of the knight had to take his place, even though according to the poetry of the time, she waited eternally.
07:00I raised a hawk for more than a year.
07:05In the words of the poet Von Kührenberg.
07:08When I had named him, I adorned his feathers with gold.
07:15He flew through the sky and reached a distant land.
07:27But in real life, the lady of the castle did not have much time for melancholy, since she had to take care of everything.
07:34Let the Lord receive his soul.
07:38Mercy.
07:40He has hanged himself, that is the law.
07:43Okay, but what about the law of grace?
07:46Your lord would not approve it.
07:48Now I am in charge.
07:53Let him go.
07:55Yes, but ...
07:57Justice must be tempered with mercy.
08:00We can be magnanimous and still punish him.
08:04Hit him.
08:10That move is not bad at all.
08:17But mine is even better.
08:21Fascinating.
08:23Fascinating.
08:28A lady could live without her husband for years.
08:32A situation that involved certain temptations.
08:35That was the reason for the appearance of the love of Cortés.
08:40The love of Cortés considered it a noble virtue to court a lady from a distance and swear loyalty only to her.
08:47The love songs of the famous illustrated manuscript, known as the Codex Manese, praised specifically the platonic love or caste.
08:55The lyrical poet Walter von der Vogelweide affirmed that carnal or earthly love weakened the body and made the soul suffer.
09:04Even so, it was difficult to distinguish the love of Cortés from physical love.
09:09We know for a long time that in the Middle Ages, professional jugglers traveled from castle to castle.
09:19They were invited. And why?
09:22For the simple reason that they provided a particular form of entertainment.
09:28In their stories, a noble courted a lady and the lady rejected his insinuations.
09:34This may seem a little strange to us today.
09:38But at that time it was popular because new twists were always added.
09:43The man could declare himself in more and more elaborate ways.
09:47And the lady always found new ways to reject him.
09:54The wandering jugglers sang about the dangerous pleasures of extramarital love.
10:01Blessed be your red lips. Blessed be your beautiful body. Blessed be this sweet hour.
10:12People sighed for love and passion then as much as they do now.
10:17And that's why the songs of amor Cortés were about love and pain, desire, seduction and fidelity.
10:25But what he wants, she can not want.
10:29Crusader Heinrich von Neufen had been more than a year away from his wife and children.
10:35But he was lucky.
10:39Jaffa, Bethlehem and Jerusalem for Christians.
10:44Can Muslims go freely to the mosque?
10:50Freedom for Muslims, Jews and Christians.
10:54Instead of declaring war on Emir Saraceno, Federico negotiated a peaceful agreement.
11:00This was unusual, but not unheard of.
11:05In the epic poem of the 13th century, Wilhelm, the poet Wolfram von Essenbach gives us an example.
11:12The noble Giburg, a Muslim converse, gives a famous speech on tolerance.
11:17This is the revenge of a revenge. The Muslims hurt you. Forgive them.
11:27God himself forgave the murderers of his son Jesus.
11:32You say they are infidels. We were all infidels once.
11:37Adam, the first man created by God, was an infidel.
11:41These are the words of an ignorant woman.
11:45Forgive the Muslims, as you were created by the hand of God.
11:51Not to revenge for revenge.
11:54You speak, my friend.
12:00Your father was a Christian.
12:03He was a Christian.
12:06He was a Christian.
12:09Your father will not like it.
12:13But the pilgrims, yes. And Christianity.
12:22No gentleman would have expected the Sixth Crusade to end peacefully.
12:27You came to pray for your soul in the tomb of Christ.
12:33Forward! Jerusalem is ours!
12:38Jerusalem is ours!
12:47The Sixth Crusade was unique.
12:50The Crusaders had proposed to reconquer the Holy Land.
12:54But they entered Jerusalem without softening swords, but palm leaves and holy water.
13:02The figure of the Christian knight was born in the Crusades.
13:05And in the Sixth Crusade, the knights obeyed the Christian precepts.
13:11Jerusalem is ours!
13:19Peace with the Saracens would last more than ten years.
13:23And during that time, no Muslim or Crusader died fighting for Jerusalem.
13:30I raised a hawk for more than a year.
13:35I saw it rise with silk ties on its claws.
13:42May God gather those who yearn to unite in love.
13:51Heinrich von Neufen had done everything possible to ensure his salvation.
13:57Whether it was by divine providence, as he would have said,
14:01or by good fortune, after two long years, he was able to return to his castle.
14:06In Essenbach's words, even a knight shares the desire to be safe in his home and sleep in a soft bed.
14:17Say hello to your father. He is a hero.
14:22My son.
14:23My son.
14:34Heinrich achieved honor and fame as a Christian knight and a Crusader.
14:42Another typical knight of the Middle Ages was John of Bohemia.
14:49He could have succeeded his father as emperor, but he did not.
14:53I chose to be a knight, and one of the best, he said.
14:57His banner read, Ich Din, I serve.
15:03More than most knights of his time, he was highly sought after as a warrior, advisor, and supervisor of trials by combat.
15:15The court decrees that the trial is decided by combat between you. Are you ready?
15:22Go ahead.
15:27By God, let him protect me.
15:30For all the saints.
15:32Fight for your life.
15:35May God judge you.
15:43A court decreed a trial by combat if its judges were unable to reach a conclusion.
15:49Then the knights had to establish the truth in a fight to life or death.
15:56The coffins were prepared.
15:59Without a doubt, it was a great advantage to know the secrets of the fight without armor.
16:04But John did not allow it to be a retreat.
16:08Stop whining.
16:10You are knights, fight as such.
16:13Not as peasants.
16:18A knight had to master the techniques of body-to-body combat.
16:23That was the lesson that Alberto Durero taught in his manual on sword fights.
16:28Place yourself as seen in the drawing.
16:30Advance towards him with your right foot and throw a stab.
16:34Durero's manual is still the Bible for swordsmen today.
16:48Any blow was allowed in these duels, including the neck and throat.
16:59Separate.
17:01I said separate.
17:07Could these illustrations represent a woman?
17:11They are from a manual by the master of Esgrima, Hans Talhoffer.
17:14And they represent a woman beating a man in a trial for combat.
17:20As they believed that a woman was equivalent to half a man,
17:23the man could fight standing in a hole that reached his waist.
17:27An example of positive discrimination.
17:32Then he grabbed her arm.
17:34Talhoffer taught women to defend themselves from men.
17:40He grabbed her throat and her limb.
17:43Perhaps not very gentlemanly, but effective.
17:48Fights like this were not very common, but they took place.
17:52And then she pulled him out of the hole.
17:56So the woman decided the trial for combat in her favor.
18:00And by winning, she won her case.
18:04Fight!
18:14The guilty will be defeated and God will issue his judgment by the hand of the strongest man.
18:21That was the concept of law that the gentlemen had in the Middle Ages.
18:39Piety!
18:41Stop!
18:43The trial for combat has shown its guilt.
18:47But let us be lenient as good gentlemen.
18:51Hand it over to the court.
18:59Those who lost the fight but survived were taken back to the court,
19:05since their guilt had not been proven.
19:08But depending on the severity of the charges, they could still be decapitated.
19:13But what probabilities did the wounded have to survive?
19:17Were they attended by barbers?
19:20You'll get well. I'll clean your blood.
19:24They treated the wounds with moho bread.
19:29They had learned from experience that moho prevented the appearance of gangrene, which was lethal.
19:35An antibacterial moho, penicillin, would be discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.
19:44And what happened to the gentlemen who lost a member?
19:48The origins of plastic surgery go back to the duels.
19:53When the astronomer Tijo Brahe lost his nose in a duel, he replaced it with a gold prosthesis.
20:02The eye sockets were covered with the so-called presentation eyes.
20:07They were models without ornaments, but there were also beautiful prostheses made of ivory and glass.
20:15And in an experiment in the mid-15th century, Antonio Branca used a fold of skin from his own arm to make a new nose.
20:27The predecessor of functional prosthetic arms was manufactured at the beginning of the 16th century by Gotsch von Verligen.
20:34And it is a masterpiece of precision engineering.
20:39It became the sign of identity of this knight of the iron hand.
20:49The medieval blacksmiths worked to develop an armor that would prevent the loss of members.
20:57In the Middle Ages, the mesh quota began to be in disuse.
21:02In Austria, the Schmitzberger family had been manufacturing armor for five generations, about 200 years.
21:11They molded each piece by hand.
21:17For the armor to have enough strength, the metal was up to 6 millimeters thick.
21:23For the armor to have enough strength, the metal was up to 6 millimeters thick.
21:33In the Middle Ages, a complete armor cost about 250 florins, the equivalent of at least two farms with its workers and animals.
21:41In the Middle Ages, a complete armor cost about 250 florins, the equivalent of at least two farms with its workers and animals.
21:47High quality armor was in high demand.
21:51The life of a knight depended on his armor and his sword.
22:00A good sword could not be taken lightly.
22:05We have consulted some experts to find out what they were capable of.
22:11Andreas Kruger is dedicated to the study of medieval weapons.
22:15He learned to forge them himself, and he knows how to use them as a real knight.
22:26Can a sword or a candle be cut while it is still lit, as seen in some Hollywood movies?
22:35The experiment will be recorded with a high-speed camera that records 2,500 frames per second.
22:41The experiment will be recorded with a high-speed camera that records 2,500 frames per second.
22:51One thing is clear, a swordsman with a good eye could leave us in the dark.
23:04But the candle only remained standing if it had been prepared in a special way.
23:12A test with a pumpkin shows that a good medieval sword is as sharp as a Japanese sushi knife.
23:27Here he is cutting a rolled string as if it were an arm or a leg.
23:36The sword pierces it as if it were butter.
23:41The sword pierces it as if it were butter.
23:51So a knight needed protection.
23:55The knights wore iron from the head to the feet to protect themselves from crutches and arrows.
24:00A complete armor was composed of up to 150 individual pieces.
24:05Some knights were really the knight of the brilliant armor.
24:08Or in the case of the less fortunate, a worn out.
24:13Armament and rearmament.
24:16In the Middle Ages there were also armament races.
24:19And the armors were not the only ones that evolved.
24:23The castles too.
24:25Their owners tried to make them impregnable with very high towers and walls.
24:29After all, dissuasion is the best defense.
24:32The ideal was that with the appearance it was enough.
24:37The fortifications were a privilege of the nobility.
24:41Building a castle meant building a fortification.
24:45In fact, its objective was less functional than ostentatious.
24:50For example, there were almonds for which a man could not shoot.
24:55And that if it were little, they were inaccessible.
24:58Or also raised bridges that did not even get up.
25:02There was a great variety of elements whose design was not functional.
25:07Now it is difficult for us to understand it, but in the Middle Ages the important thing was symbolism.
25:15Juan de Bohemia had been besieging castles since the age of 14 and was not easily impressed.
25:21For a gentleman, a siege was part of his job.
25:27It was his way of acquiring properties and power.
25:31But what if they could not take the castle on the first assault?
25:36What could they resort to?
25:40Perhaps the engineers and siege experts could happen.
25:45Let's see.
25:47Show me what you are capable of.
25:53How much do you ask for that tower?
25:56200.
25:58It's not bad at all.
26:02There were siege towers to overcome the walls of the castle,
26:06and planks to build the walls of the castle.
26:09There were siege towers to overcome the walls of the castle,
26:13and planks to knock down doors.
26:19The medieval engineers invented an entire arsenal of siege machines
26:24to knock down various forms of fortifications.
26:28The foundry was able to throw heavy rocks at walls 400 meters away.
26:33The foundry was able to throw heavy rocks at walls 400 meters away.
26:38And the foundry?
26:40500 florins.
26:44Having a foundry is essential.
26:47Of course.
26:53It only took a few knights and armed men to defend a castle.
26:59They were well protected behind the walls.
27:04But the attackers needed hundreds of knights, siege machines and hundreds of subordinates
27:10who had to be fed and paid for weeks or even months.
27:14The foundries also had to be transported to the castle and controlled by specialists.
27:20Launch! Launch!
27:26Rocks and arrows rained from the towers where the planks were used.
27:30A siege was not a picnic.
27:34Siege towers up to 40 meters high could lower their bridges to the castle wall.
27:41But during close combat, the defenders had a clear advantage.
27:49Climbing a siege tower was a suicide mission.
28:05However, most knights dreamed of conducting a siege with all kinds of siege machines.
28:13I'm impressed, but that costs a fortune.
28:17Who could do it?
28:19Rich kings?
28:21Emperors?
28:23But as you know, I'm a poor knight.
28:32We'll do it my way.
28:34We need as many armed men and peasants as possible.
28:38Who can finish?
28:40Go on, go on!
28:42These engineers have great ideas, but they are too expensive.
28:46Very sad.
28:48In the end, the only thing Juan could afford was the classic sieging technique.
28:57The besiegers dug a tunnel under the walls and towers of the castle,
29:01hoping not to find a tunnel of their opponents.
29:06At the end of the tunnel, they dug a room and filled it with anything that burned.
29:13They soaked dry wood with oil to revive the flames.
29:18Then they just had to wait for the walls and towers to collapse.
29:23Maybe it wasn't very gallant, but it was effective.
29:27We know they used tracking techniques.
29:30They catapulted feces and corpses inside castles and cities
29:35to try to infect them with diseases.
29:38It was quite unpleasant.
29:41An Italian military engineer of the 15th century named Tacola
29:44even recommended the use of animals.
29:47They soaked them in brea, set them on fire and threw them into the cities.
29:52Cats and mice, for example, ran out and spread the flames.
29:57It was a pretty brutal tactic.
30:00Both for the animals and for the people.
30:07Another brutal conflict.
30:09The invasion of France by Eduardo III in 1346.
30:14King Philip of France asked for help from nobles from all over Europe
30:18and many knights came to his call to save the French monarchy.
30:24Juan de Bohemia, one of the best, also wanted to honor his motto,
30:28I serve.
30:30And he did not want to lose the fight against the English,
30:33although at the age of 50 he had already gone blind.
30:36So he received the nickname of Juan the Blind.
30:4412,000 knights of the Holy Roman Empire, of Burgundy and Spain,
30:49came to fight against Eduardo's army.
30:53The armies met in Crecy, near Paris.
31:04Juan de Bohemia led 500 knights in that battle.
31:07That day that would go down in history, a storm broke out.
31:13Well, and the English knights?
31:16I'm calm and prepared, waiting for the battle.
31:20I don't see any knights, sir.
31:23In front of us there are only archers.
31:26I expected to fight against noble knights, not against peasants.
31:31May God have mercy on them.
31:34Now the knights are disassembling to fight on foot.
31:38That is unworthy of a knight.
31:41There was also something else that the knights of the continent had not noticed.
31:47We will teach those to soften a noble sword.
31:53Go for them!
31:55Go for them!
31:57Go for them!
31:59Go for them!
32:01Go for them!
32:07The battle began.
32:09But instead of fighting body to body, the English resorted to technology.
32:16The cannons at first were a kind of pot of fire with gunpowder and a wick.
32:21Not only did they make a terrifying noise,
32:23but they fired metal arrows up to 300 meters away.
32:27The commanders did not take long to recognize the advantages of the cannons,
32:32but the first time they used them in a battle was in Crecy.
32:36At first, their goal was to sow panic by their sound, but that changed quickly.
32:41Since the year 1500, the artillery has become a recognized war branch,
32:46a fatal advance for the knights.
32:49As the long-range weapons were gaining importance, the knights were disappearing.
32:57In the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, the Prussian cannons decided the crucial battle of Seran.
33:18The English archers tightened their bows and launched a constant rain of arrows
33:23on the knights attacking from the continent.
33:26And they hit the target.
33:28Above all, they knocked down horses, forcing the knights to fight on foot.
33:41The blind John of Bohemia was in the thick of the battle.
33:45There he discovered the truth of Fogelweide's lament.
33:49World, for you I have risked my body and soul a thousand times.
33:56Now I see how you pay me.
34:00Everything you give me, you take away from me again.
34:09The armor of the knights in Crecy could protect them from the English arrows?
34:19André Breneque makes authentic replicas of arches and medieval arrows.
34:35This English bow in particular is made of teak wood, which is ideal for making arches.
34:42The albura, which is just below the bark, absorbs the tension very well.
34:47The ends that hold the rope are made of horn, which prevents the wood from breaking.
34:56And in case of emergency, the horn can also be used as a weapon.
35:05Thanks to their steel armor, the knights were better protected than ever.
35:10But some claim that the English arrows with tips that weighed 16 grams were able to penetrate a complete armor.
35:31This arrow only pierced the steel armor of 4 millimeters thick.
35:40But even the best armor has its weak points.
35:47The new weapons and tactics made the concept of the war of the knights obsolete.
35:53On August 26, 1346, the battle of Crecy had ended.
35:59The English had won.
36:01As they say, King Edward said,
36:04Here fell the flower of European chivalry, but the bravest of all was John.
36:15The English distinguished him by the top of his helmet and his shield of weapons.
36:21After the battle, the Prince of Wales, Edward the Black Prince,
36:25He took the helmet and the banner of John as trophies.
36:32And he paid tribute to John's courage by adopting the three white feathers of Avestruz and Suleiman.
36:38And he took the helmet and the banner of John as trophies.
36:42And he paid tribute to John's courage by adopting the three white feathers of Avestruz and Suleiman.
36:47And he paid tribute to John's courage by adopting the three white feathers of Avestruz and Suleiman.
36:53And they still appear in many coins of two pennies.
36:58The figure of John the Blind became synonymous with gallantry and loyalty to death.
37:07After the battle of Crecy, much of France fell into the hands of England.
37:11Until 80 years later, a peasant named Juana,
37:15He had visions of celestial figures in the chapel of the town of Don Remy,
37:20They told him to free France.
37:25The north of France was under English rule until Orleans.
37:30Juana intended to change that and went to Vaucouleur.
37:33God has spoken to me.
37:36And I will do everything that the Lord has asked me to do,
37:40Without having to humiliate me or bow to anyone.
37:44In 1429, Juana cut her hair,
37:48She dressed in men's clothes and took a sword.
37:52Was she crazy? Possessed by the devil?
37:56Or was she the Virgin sent by God?
37:59Was she crazy? Possessed by the devil?
38:02Or was she the Virgin sent to free France, as the prophecy said?
38:07The French believed that she was sent by the Lord and followed her.
38:12The English generals thought it was a joke,
38:15When a peasant dressed in armor declared war on them.
38:20But they would not laugh much more.
38:23Juana dared to do what the French king and his generals had not dared.
38:28Under his leadership, the French soldiers recovered Orleans in English hands.
38:36On May 8, 1429, he reconquered Orleans for France and its king.
38:43The maiden of Orleans became a national heroine,
38:47And the king ennobled her.
38:49Without a doubt, you are she,
38:52The Virgin of the prophecy.
38:56Noble King, there are no more obstacles.
39:00The English fear us.
39:03I think we must fight them until we expel them from France.
39:07From a base in Reims, where Charles was crowned king of France,
39:11Thanks to his efforts, Juana was liberating one city after another.
39:15However, when he failed in the crucial assault on Paris,
39:19Charles withdrew his support, preferring a diplomatic solution with the English.
39:25His maiden Guerrera had acquired too much power for her liking.
39:30Please tell me what to do.
39:33It's over.
39:40And it had been decided.
39:43And it was over.
39:46Juana was captured and sold to the English.
39:50The Inquisition judged her in Rouen,
39:53Accusing her of wearing men's clothing,
39:56Making a pact with the devil, and being a heiress.
40:02But the fact of having shown more courage than those in power,
40:06It was what guaranteed his death sentence.
40:09To the satisfaction of the English authorities,
40:12Juana de Arco was burned in the bonfire in Rouen on May 30, 1431.
40:19This brave young woman was no use for them,
40:22Because later they recognized her as a saint and symbol of the French nation.
40:29From a military perspective,
40:32The Battle of Cressy and the arrival of the artillery,
40:35Signified that the era of the knights was coming to an end.
40:40But the knights were more idealized than ever.
40:43Some became part of legends,
40:46Among them, Goethe von Ferlinghingen, Goethe of the Iron Hand,
40:50Who had lived on the basis of contests and looting.
40:54The tournaments became even bigger shows.
40:59Even emperors like Maximilian,
41:01Who was said to have the heart of steel for his many battles,
41:05They broke some spear in the fair.