Category
📚
LearningTranscript
00:00Hi friends! Today we will learn about the complex sentences. So let us start.
00:09We have already learned what are simple and compound sentences.
00:16A simple sentence contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.
00:24For instance, Mac and Jane are going to the mall.
00:29Liam will get success.
00:32On the other hand, a compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses.
00:39And these two independent clauses are connected to one another by a coordinating conjunction or a semicolon.
00:49For example, Mia learned a poem and Sam prepared a seminar.
00:56Lucas woke up late in the morning, so he missed the first class.
01:01Now we have learned and revised what are simple and compound sentences.
01:07Now, it's time to learn what are the complex sentences.
01:13A complex sentence includes an independent clause, which is joined by one or more dependent clauses.
01:22A dependent clause either lacks a subject or a verb, or has both a subject and a verb, but does not possess a complete thought.
01:34In case of complex sentences, the dependent clauses always begin with the subordinating conjunctions.
01:43For example, after.
01:45Although, as, since, until, because, though, whereas, before, unless, whereas, wherever, even though, when, whenever, while, if, etc.
02:03In a complex sentence, the dependent clause can either come first or can follow an independent clause.
02:12In a complex statement, when a dependent clause comes first, then a punctuation mark, comma, is used to separate the dependent clause and an independent clause.
02:25For example, because my mother cooked my favorite dish, I dropped the plan to dine out with my friends.
02:35In this sentence, the dependent clause is, because my mother cooked my favorite dish.
02:42And, I dropped the plan to dine out with my friends is an independent clause, and it begins with a subordinating conjunction, because.
02:54So, this sentence is a complex sentence.
02:58In this sentence, a dependent clause, because my mother cooked my favorite dish, comes first.
03:05So, a comma is essential to separate these two clauses.
03:10On the other hand, when an independent clause comes first, a punctuation mark, comma, is not used to separate the independent clause and dependent clause within a sentence.
03:25For example, we do not know if she will come to the party.
03:30In this sentence, an independent clause is, we do not know, and, if she will come to the party, is a dependent clause.
03:42Both of these clauses are separated with a subordinating conjunction, if.
03:48So, this sentence is a complex sentence.
03:52In this sentence, an independent clause, we do not know, comes first.
03:58So, there is no need to use a comma to separate these two clauses.
04:05Let us have a look at another example.
04:10While Mac was waiting at the bus terminal, he realized that the bus was late.
04:16He realized that the bus was late.
04:19In this statement, the dependent clause is, while Mac was waiting at the bus terminal, which is starting with the subordinating conjunction, while.
04:32And, the independent clause is, he realized that the bus was late.
04:38So, this sentence is a complex sentence.
04:44And, as the dependent clause comes first, so, a comma is essential to separate the two clauses.
04:55I get headaches whenever I watch television.
04:59In this statement, an independent clause is, I get headaches, and, whenever I watch television, is a dependent clause.
05:11Both of these clauses are separated with the help of a subordinating conjunction, whenever.
05:19So, this sentence is a complex sentence.
05:24In this sentence, an independent clause, I got headaches, comes first.
05:31So, there is no need to use a comma to separate these two clauses.
05:37Let us have another example.
05:40This is the book that I need for my course.
05:44In this statement, an independent clause is, this is the book, and, that I need for my course, is a dependent clause starting with subordinating conjunction, that.
05:59So, it's a complex sentence.
06:02And, in this complex sentence, the independent clause comes first.
06:08So, there is no need to use a comma to separate the two clauses.
06:21In this statement, the dependent clause is, if it rains, and, the flight will be late, is an independent clause.
06:31And, both of these clauses are separated with a subordinating conjunction, if.
06:38So, this sentence is a complex sentence.
06:42In this sentence, a dependent clause, if it rains, comes first.
06:49So, a comma is essential to separate these two clauses.
06:54So, let's revise what we have learned.
06:58A simple sentence contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.
07:05A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses.
07:11And, these two independent clauses are connected to one another by a coordinating conjunction, or a semicolon.
07:21And, a complex sentence contains a independent clause, and, one and more independent clauses.
07:29Dependent clause, in a complex sentence, always begin with a subordinating conjunction.
07:37And, if independent clause comes first, there is no need to separate the two clauses by the use of any comma.
07:46And, if dependent clauses come first, two clauses are separated by the use of a comma.
07:54Now, let's have a look at more complex sentences.
07:59Though Matthew is not educated, he is very confident.
08:04In this sentence, a dependent clause, though Matthew is not educated, comes before an independent clause, he is very confident.
08:15So, these clauses are separated by a comma.
08:20Jane will wait there until you reach.
08:24In this statement, a dependent clause, until you reach, comes after an independent clause, Jane will wait there.
08:33So, you do not need any comma to separate the two clauses.
08:38But, dependent clause comes first, you need a comma to separate the two clauses.
08:50In this sentence, a dependent clause, when Mila sang a song, comes before an independent clause, she got a prize.
09:01So, these clauses are separated by a comma.
09:08My mentor told me that the seminar is going on.
09:12In this statement, a dependent clause, that the seminar is going on, comes after an independent clause, my mentor told me.
09:23So, a comma is not used to separate these clauses.
09:28Here we have another example.
09:31Before Kathy arrives, we will decorate the house.
09:35In this sentence, a dependent clause, before Kathy arrives, comes before an independent clause, we will decorate the house.
09:46So, these clauses are separated by a comma.
09:51So, friends, we have learned enough examples on complex sentences.
09:57Now, go ahead and take a quiz to learn more.
10:01Bye-bye.