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00:00hi friends today we will learn more about various properties of matter so
00:08let's get started solubility any substance we dissolve in a liquid is
00:17called solute and in the liquid in which we dissolve it called solvent
00:24solubility is a property of a matter to dissolve in a liquid like we can
00:30dissolve coffee in milk or water so here coffee is salute and milk or water is
00:39solvent we can dissolve sugar in water or milk so here sugar is salute and
00:50water or milk is solvent now let's learn more about solubility solubility is a
01:00quantitative term a substance is said to be soluble if more than 0.1 gram of that
01:08substance dissolves in 100 ml of solvent solubility is measured in terms of the
01:17maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at equilibrium
01:23now let's learn what is saturated solution take a glass of water now
01:29dissolve a spoon of salt in it it dissolves completely now keep on adding
01:36salt and dissolve in it until the time no more salt dissolves in it now the
01:44resulting solution you have is a saturated solution of salt and water
01:50that is no more salt can be dissolved in this water now now let's learn another
01:57property it is clarity clarity can be of three types transparent translucent or
02:08opaque let's first learn about transparency an object like this is
02:15called transparent as you can see through the object completely materials
02:24like air water and clear glass are called transparent when light encounters
02:32transparent materials almost all of it passes directly through them translucent
02:41objects this object is not transparent but translucent as you can partly see
02:51through them not clearly materials like frosted glass and some plastics are
03:02called translucent when light strikes translucent materials only some of the
03:10light passes through them therefore we cannot see clearly through them objects
03:19on the other side of a translucent object appear fuzzy and unclear because
03:26translucent objects are semi-transparent some ultraviolet rays can go through
03:34them this is why a person behind a translucent object can get a sunburn on
03:43a sunny day next are opaque objects most materials are opaque as you cannot see
03:53through them at all when light strikes an opaque object none of it passes
04:00through them materials such as wood stone and metals are opaque now let's
04:10learn another property here we have viscosity viscosity is a property of
04:19fluids describing their internal resistance to flow for example take a
04:27glass of water and let it flow it will flow fast and take a glass of honey now
04:34and let it flow it will flow very slow as compared to water so water has low
04:43viscosity or it's fast moving whereas honey has high viscosity or slow moving
04:52here are some examples of liquids having low viscosity water soft drinks juices
05:03and milk all these are having low viscosity that is there are fast moving
05:10liquids now let's have examples of liquids having high viscosity honey paint
05:19yogurt are some of the examples of liquids which has high viscosity that is
05:26there are slow moving liquids now let's learn another property mass it is a
05:37measure of amount of matter in an object mass is measured in milligrams grams kg
05:46and tons to measure mass of something we use a pan balance mass of an object
05:56remains the same whether it's lying on any part of the earth or even the moon
06:01unlike weight which is different on different places of earth now let's
06:09learn about another property which is weight weight measures the effect that
06:15gravity has on mass it's usually measured in Newton weight of an object
06:22is different on earth then on the moon due to different effect of gravity weight
06:30of an object is different on the equator and poles due to different effect of
06:35gravity on different parts of earth if a person is having mass 100 kg then his
06:44weight on earth can be 980 Newton whereas on the moon it will be 162.2
06:53Newton's now let's learn another property and it is volume volume measures
07:03the amount of space an object takes up and it is measured in cubic centimeters
07:09in case of solids and liters in case of liquids for example volume of this
07:20bottle is 1 liter volume of this mug is 250 milliliters volume of this box is 25
07:32centimeters now let's learn another property and it is density density
07:41measures the amount of matter in a given space here is an example foam wood and
07:50iron are holding the same amount of space but foam will have the least
07:56amount of matter in given space wood will have more amount of matter than
08:02foam and iron will have the maximum amount of matter in given space so we
08:11say foam has least density wood has density more than that of home and iron
08:19has the maximum density out of the three types of matter if an object has a
08:27lower density than water it will float if an object has higher density than
08:33water it will sink now let's have another property of matter and it is
08:42temperature temperature is a measurement of how much heat a material or object
08:49has a thermometer is used to measure temperature in science when water has
08:58changed the state from liquid to solid it is described as a freezing point when
09:05water has changed state from solid to liquid it is described as melting point
09:13so friends today we learned a lot of properties of matter now you may go
09:20ahead and take a quiz to learn more bye-bye