This hurricane season is shaping up to be a real nightmare. Experts are predicting more storms and stronger ones than usual, making it look pretty intense. It's important to stay updated and prepared, especially if you live in a hurricane-prone area. Stock up on essentials, have an emergency plan, and keep an eye on the weather forecasts. Let’s hope for the best, but be ready for some wild weather ahead! Animation is created by Bright Side.
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00:00We are up for a crazy Atlantic hurricane season.
00:05It may be even worse than that of 2005, the year that brought us Hurricane Katrina.
00:12That one took 1,392 lives and cost the country over $100 billion.
00:20Experts predict there will be between 17 to 25 total named storms.
00:26Some of these storms are about to become hurricanes, with winds reaching over 100 mph or higher.
00:33We're already seeing storms sweep across the country, bringing dangers like tornadoes, flooding, and hail.
00:40You gotta thank the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO, for this.
00:45This complicated term has to do with El Niño and La Niña, the two giant forces that basically shape our world.
00:53Normally, winds in the Pacific Ocean blow west along the equator, moving warm water from South America towards Asia.
01:01This warm water is replaced by cold water rising from the depths of the Pacific.
01:06But during El Niño and La Niña, this usual pattern is messed up.
01:14El Niño is the warm phase of the ENSO cycle.
01:18During El Niño, the equatorial winds weaken, causing warm water to shift back towards the west coast of the Americas.
01:25This means less cold water rises to the surface.
01:29The weather in northern parts of the U.S. and Canada become drier and warmer because of it.
01:34But there are wetter conditions in southern states.
01:38In the Atlantic, El Niño weakens hurricane seasons, and it ramps up hurricane activity in the central and eastern Pacific.
01:46In Africa, it brings more rain to East Africa but less to southern Africa, West Africa, and parts of the Sahara.
01:55La Niña is the cold phase of the ENSO cycle.
01:59During this phase, the westward winds along the equator in the Pacific are stronger than usual, and they push more warm water towards Asia.
02:07And because of it, colder, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface along the Americas' west coast.
02:15These colder Pacific waters push the jet stream northward, giving us drier weather in the southern U.S.,
02:21but wetter and colder conditions in the Pacific Northwest and Canada.
02:26La Niña also brings warmer winters to the southern U.S. and cooler-than-normal temperatures to the north.
02:32La Niña usually calms hurricane activity in the Pacific, but intensifies it in the Atlantic.
02:39In 2023, El Niño was in charge, and it took most storms up before they got to the U.S.
02:45But this year, we've switched to La Niña, and this lady brings us colder water in the Pacific
02:51and a pattern that lets storms move a little farther west and reach the Caribbean.
02:56And when they get there, they can easily move into the Gulf and affect Florida and other states.
03:02The upcoming intense Atlantic hurricane season also has to do with a strong monsoon season in West Africa.
03:09It creates moisture and waves off Africa's coast and can travel along the Atlantic and spur hurricanes.
03:16The Atlantic hurricane season runs from the 1st of June to the 30th of November,
03:21and most activity happens between mid-August and mid-October.
03:25Since the 1950s, tropical cyclones have been given names to make it easier for meteorologists to inform the public about them.
03:32You're more likely to remember that Leslie is coming than Hurricane X-34-D is on the way, right?
03:39So there are 20 names on the alphabetical list this year, from Alberto to Beryl to Valerie and William.
03:47Let's hope it won't get as terrible as the Galveston hurricane.
03:51The most fatal natural disaster in U.S. history hit Texas in the year 1900.
03:57A Category 4 hurricane smashed into Galveston, demolishing over 3,600 buildings with winds over 135 miles per hour.
04:07It took the lives of between 70 and 80 people.
04:11One of the reasons it became so fatal was poor communication policy.
04:15Days before the disaster, it was clear to a professional weather forecaster that the storm was moving west.
04:21But the Weather Bureau in Washington predicted it would go over Florida and up to New England, which was way off.
04:28The Bureau was just 10 years old then, so hurricane science in the U.S. didn't know what to do.
04:35Cuban scientists were excellent at tracking storms because their region is so prone to them.
04:39So they knew it was heading towards the Gulf of Mexico.
04:42Unfortunately, the director of the Weather Bureau was so jealous that the Cuban forecasters were better than the American ones
04:49that he cut off the flow of information from Cuba and made it difficult for local forecasters to issue warnings.
04:56In the days before the storm hit, the chief observer in Galveston began to suspect that Washington's forecast was wrong
05:03and tried to warn the city, but it was too late.
05:07The hurricane left Galveston in ruins.
05:10After this hurricane, the Weather Bureau started improving communication both internationally and internationally.
05:17The officials in charge are doing everything possible to improve forecasts, support the people,
05:22and help the affected areas recover more easily after the hurricanes hit.
05:26They're going to try new forecast models to predict tropical cyclones getting stronger,
05:31help emergency and water managers prepare for the next storm,
05:35and help the city prepare for the next storm.
05:39Coastal weather buoys in the tropical western Atlantic and Caribbean have been upgraded,
05:43and new drifters and sail drones, underwater gliders, and a lightweight drop sonde will provide real-time data.
05:50There are also some things you can do to ensure your safety before, during, and after a storm.
05:56For example, you can use a GPS tracker to track your location.
06:00If you live in a hurricane-prone area, Florida, Georgia, and the Carolinas,
06:04you must always be prepared before the high storm season.
06:08Make up a family disaster plan that will outline your actions during an emergency.
06:13Map out several evacuation routes in case your primary one is blocked,
06:18and decide on a meeting place if you get hit by a hurricane.
06:21You can also use a GPS tracker to track your location.
06:25Map out several evacuation routes in case your primary one is blocked,
06:28and decide on a meeting place if you get separated.
06:31You can arrange drills to teach family members how to shut off water, gas, and electricity,
06:37and even make sure the youngest knows how to call emergency services.
06:41Pack a disaster kit that will be ready to go at a moment's notice.
06:45It should include essentials like food, water, a first aid kit, and flashlights to last at least 72 hours on your own.
06:54You can buy a generator to make sure you have electricity in case of a power outage until the power returns.
07:00Keep it in a secure place, away from rain and rising water, with proper ventilation.
07:06You're also going to need self-powered radios and flashlights.
07:10If you can, add a safe room to your house that's strengthened to withstand high winds
07:15with reinforced concrete ceiling, floor, and walls.
07:19Make sure you have enough canned and non-perishable food and bottled water for at least three days.
07:28When the storm is about to hit, head north to get away from it,
07:32where it will be much weaker by the time it gets there.
07:35It's much safer to keep your family and pets together away from the storm than trying to ride it out at home.
07:41Try to go in one car if possible.
07:44Always follow local evacuation orders, especially if you're in a mobile home.
07:49Fill up your gas tank and give yourself plenty of time to get out.
07:53Never leave your pets behind.
07:55Debris, floodwaters, or flying objects can be dangerous for them.
08:00If you're staying put during a storm, you need a safe spot for you, your family, and your pets.
08:06This place shouldn't have any windows or skylights.
08:09If you're hiding at home, close all interior doors and secure the exterior ones.
08:14Quickly find an interior room with strong walls and no windows, like a bathroom or a closet.
08:20If your home isn't safe, look for a community shelter.
08:23Get to your shelter at least two hours before the storm hits so it doesn't catch you outside.
08:28Bring a battery-powered radio with extra batteries for updates every 15 to 30 minutes.
08:34Never leave your shelter even if it seems calm, as conditions can get worse quickly,
08:39especially if you're in the eye of the storm.
08:42For extra protection, lie on the floor under something sturdy like a table.
08:47Don't use electric appliances, phones, or showers during the storm.
08:51Don't leave your shelter until you get the official all clear from the authorities.
08:56Be careful. There will be many hazards outside.
09:01That's it for today!
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