More and more investment in quantum computers, which uses surprising properties of matter at the infinitely small scale to revolutionise computing. Explanation VIDÉOGRAPHIE
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00:00 A quantum computer is an extremely powerful processor capable of processing gigantic amounts
00:07 of data in a very short time. Quantum computers harness the properties of microscopic matter,
00:18 atoms, photons and electrons, governed by very special laws. Laws based on duality, a principle
00:26 according to which an object can end up in several states at once and can be superposed.
00:32 A standard computer would be simply unable to match a quantum machine. This is called
00:39 supremacy. Unlike traditional computers, the quantum
00:42 computer does not work on binary data, 0 and 1, but on quantum bits or qubits, whose state
00:48 can have several 0 and 1 values, which can superposition themselves in an infinity of
00:55 states. These qubits can interact with each other and carry out several calculations in
00:59 parallel and in an exponential fashion. Another baffling property of the quantum world
01:05 is entanglement. Two particles can find themselves correlated no matter how far they are apart.
01:12 This pair of entangled particles behaves like one sole entity. If a characteristic of one
01:17 particle changes, the other changes too, instantaneously. But these technologies face a physical obstacle.
01:24 It's called decoherence. The fragile quantum properties disappear on contact with the exterior
01:29 world. To maintain the state of superposition of qubits, for example, requires conditions
01:34 near to absolute zero. That's -273.15°C.
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