Amazing Body Facts To Get Ready For Your Biology Test In No Time!

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Ever experienced that feeling of indulging a bit too much, thinking your stomach couldn't handle any more? ? Surprise! Your stomach can accommodate more than you imagine – a whole chicken or even a 2-liter bottle of soda! ? While it might not leave you feeling fantastic, it's a testament to the incredible capabilities of the human body. Join me as we explore mind-blowing body facts that might leave you in awe!  #brightside   Animation is created by Bright Side.  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/   Listen to Bright Side on:  Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD... Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook -     / brightside   Instagram -     / brightside.official   Tik Tok - https://www.tiktok.com/@brightside.of... Snapchat -     / 1866144599336960    Stock materials (photos, footages and other):  https://www.depositphotos.com  https://www.shutterstock.com  https://www.eastnews.ru  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me

Transcript

00:00 Well, here's some facts you'll find hard to digest.

00:04 Your stomach has a pretty incredible capacity, being able to hold up to half a gallon of

00:09 liquids.

00:10 That's a whole large bottle of Coke!

00:13 It's pretty hard to estimate how much hard food you can eat because it's processed

00:18 with your teeth before it gets to your stomach.

00:20 There's definitely not enough room for a turkey, but a good-sized chicken would probably

00:25 fit in it.

00:27 If you were asked where your stomach was, you would probably point to your tummy.

00:32 Sorry, that's wrong.

00:33 It's actually up here, hidden in between your ribs.

00:39 Scientists believe that the appendix will disappear eventually.

00:42 Nobody really knows why we need it, but some researchers claim it might've existed to

00:47 help our ancestors digest tree bark.

00:50 Because it's no longer part of our daily diet, the appendix isn't necessary and can

00:55 disappear from our bodies without any consequences.

00:59 The appendix isn't the only obsolete part of our body.

01:03 Wisdom teeth aren't that useful either.

01:05 Yeah, they used to come in handy whenever our ancestors lost some of their teeth, but

01:10 the only thing they help us lose now is the money we spend extracting them.

01:16 Almost all of our body is covered with hairs, even if we don't notice them.

01:20 They grow even in the belly button.

01:23 Their purpose is to catch lint.

01:24 Check it out, see?

01:28 Your liver acts as your own personal bodyguard, protecting you from toxins and many other

01:33 things you don't want hanging around in your body.

01:36 It's also pretty indestructible and can even regenerate.

01:41 Only about 43% of you is actually you.

01:45 Over 50% of the cells in your body belong to tiny little creatures that mainly live

01:50 in your gut.

01:51 Still, even though your own cells are fewer than microbial ones, there are, on average,

01:57 about 100 trillion of them in you.

01:59 See, you're not alone!

02:03 With this in mind, your own genes are less than half of what you really consist of.

02:07 If you take all the microbes dwelling within your body and count their genes, you'll

02:12 find between 2 to 20 million.

02:16 If you sleep, it doesn't mean all of your body sleeps.

02:20 In fact, sometimes your brain has to work even harder when you're asleep.

02:24 It needs to process tons of information, and reports usually take a lot of time.

02:31 The nose definitely gets a good rest while you're sleeping.

02:34 Amazingly, your sense of smell basically deactivates at night.

02:39 You wouldn't even be bothered if there was a really terrible smell in your bedroom.

02:43 No comment.

02:45 The nose is probably one of the most underappreciated parts of the body.

02:50 We wouldn't even be able to enjoy eating without it.

02:53 About 80% of the taste of any food is thanks to the nose and its ability to recognize odors.

02:59 If you hold your nose while eating, you will taste almost nothing.

03:03 With no sense of smell, you're likely to recognize food mostly by texture.

03:08 So an onion might seem no different than a big refreshing apple.

03:12 Yeah, try that and leave me a comment on how that goes.

03:18 Scientists used to believe we could distinguish about 10,000 smells, but they were wrong.

03:23 Recent research showed that people are actually able to distinguish between more than a trillion

03:28 smells.

03:29 We also remember them better than anything else, and smells can even evoke some distant

03:34 memories.

03:36 Your nose just doesn't help you breathe and catch odors.

03:39 It filters the air for sensitive throats and lungs.

03:43 If we inhale dry air, the nose moistens it, cools it, and heats it if it's necessary.

03:49 Also the nose cleans the air of dirt.

03:53 When you age, your brain is gradually reducing in size.

03:57 By age 75, it's much smaller than at 30, and it starts shrinking by the age of 40.

04:03 It happens to everyone, and doesn't affect your mental strength in any way.

04:09 Our brain can store only 7 bits in its short-term memory.

04:13 Don't even try to compare your brain with a phone capacity, not even the one you had

04:17 back in 2005.

04:19 That's why you can't even learn a phone number by heart.

04:23 Our short-term memory functions just like a chalkboard.

04:26 You can get some information, but sooner or later, you run out of space.

04:31 To check your working memory capacity, try this test.

04:34 Ask a friend to write a list of 10 words and read it to you.

04:38 Most people recall 7 or fewer items from that list.

04:43 Your RAM or "working memory" is an essential thing that we need to perform almost any everyday

04:49 activity, including basic conversations, surfing the net, and even petting your dog.

04:56 Our strongest and emotional memories are often fake.

05:00 The central memory gives us the confidence to believe that we remember everything, even

05:04 though most of the details are made up in our heads.

05:09 Not only your brain shrinks as you get older, you too shrink dramatically.

05:13 The bones get more brittle, the backbone gets compressed.

05:17 A similar thing happens when you rest at night.

05:20 Your bones kinda relax too.

05:22 Because of this, you wake up taller in the mornings than you are at the end of the day.

05:28 If you were asked where your stomach was, you'd probably point to your tummy.

05:32 Sorry, but that's wrong.

05:34 It's actually up here, hidden behind your ribs.

05:38 Your stomach has a pretty incredible capacity, being able to hold up to a half a gallon of

05:42 liquids.

05:43 That's a whole large bottle of Coke!

05:46 It's pretty hard to estimate how much hard food you can eat because it's processed with

05:50 your teeth before it ever gets to your stomach.

05:52 There's definitely not enough room for a turkey, but a good-sized chicken would probably fit

05:58 it in.

05:59 Speaking of organs, scientists believe that the appendix will disappear eventually.

06:04 Nobody really knows why we need it, but some researchers claim it might've existed to

06:08 help our ancestors digest tree bark.

06:12 Because it's no longer a part of our daily diet, the appendix isn't necessary and can

06:16 disappear from our bodies without any consequences.

06:20 Now the appendix isn't the only obsolete part of our body.

06:23 Wisdom teeth aren't that useful either.

06:25 Yeah, they used to come in handy when our ancestors lost some of their teeth.

06:30 But the only thing they help us lose now is the money we spend extracting them.

06:35 In fact, you can easily survive without your appendix, stomach, one kidney, or one lung.

06:41 Nice to know we have spare parts!

06:43 If you never knew you had a personal bodyguard, look deeper.

06:47 Your liver is your security guard, protecting you from toxins and many other things you

06:51 don't want to have.

06:53 It's also pretty indestructible and can even regenerate.

06:57 Your liver is a very important organ that works a lot and is responsible for 500 individual

07:02 functions.

07:03 Up to 10% of it is made of fat.

07:06 The liver can grow back.

07:08 Yep, even if you only have half of your liver left, it can still regenerate to its original

07:14 size.

07:16 On average, the heart is as big as your fist.

07:19 It beats 115,000 times and pumps around 2,000 gallons of blood each day.

07:25 The right lung is bigger than the left one because your body needs to make some room

07:29 for the heart.

07:31 You inhale a lot of different types of debris, including 7,000 of your very own skin flakes,

07:37 and that's only in a day.

07:39 The stomach is the most important defender of the immune system.

07:43 Hydrochloric acid in our stomach kills dangerous food toxins, viruses, and bacteria that get

07:49 in there with the food you eat.

07:51 This acid can digest even the stomach itself, but the mucous membrane protects it.

07:57 You can burn calories when you take a hot bath as many as you would if you took a half-hour

08:02 walk.

08:03 You burn somewhere between 100 and 200 calories per hour while standing.

08:08 Sitting burns 60 to 130, depending on your height, weight, gender, and age.

08:14 Your own body makes mosquito bites swell and itch.

08:17 A mosquito breaks your skin.

08:19 Your immune system perceives the insect saliva as a foreign substance, so it starts a special

08:24 reaction to flush the intruder out of your body.

08:27 A compound produced by the immune system, called histamine, makes the blood flow faster

08:32 around the bitten area, and it causes swelling.

08:35 The histamine also sends a signal to the nearest nerves, which makes the bite itch.

08:40 Meanwhile, the food on the plane is likely to taste different than on the ground.

08:45 That's because you lose up to 30% of your tastebud sensitivity due to the dryness and

08:51 pressure in the cabin.

08:52 It's especially true about salty and sweet foods.

08:56 You wouldn't be able to taste food without saliva.

08:58 Your taste buds have chemoreceptors that recognize different flavors, but they need some liquid

09:03 for those flavors to bind into their molecules.

09:06 Also, you can't taste things saliva doesn't dissolve.

09:10 You can always squeeze in some dessert, no matter how much salad, soup, or meat you've

09:14 eaten before.

09:15 Your body gets bored of savory tastes, but when you see and smell something sweet, like

09:20 ice cream, cakes, or chocolate, your brain gets excited.

09:24 It overrides all fullness signals for pleasure.

09:27 Plus, your stomach is a flexible organ, and sugar helps it relax and physically make room

09:32 for dessert.

09:33 Hey, I rely on that information!

09:36 The tongue is one of the strongest muscles in your body.

09:40 This organ contains more than 10,000 taste buds, and each bud is filled with microscopic

09:45 hairs.

09:46 Their job is to sense your food, distinguish tastes, and send information to your brain

09:51 to initiate the appropriate digestion process.

09:54 During your life, all those tiny bumps and ridges on your tongue create a special individual

09:59 pattern.

10:00 That's why experts say that tongue prints are as unique as fingerprints.

10:04 Your tongue doesn't have separate bitter, sweet, sour, or salty sections for tasting.

10:09 Each of the 8,000 taste buds you have on the tongue, the roof of the mouth, and even in

10:14 the throat can detect all the tastes.

10:17 For some people, cilantro may taste similar to soap because the plant contains a chemical

10:21 used in soap making.

10:23 But only 4 to 14% of the world's population have special genes that can detect it.

10:29 The masseter is the strongest muscle you have based on its weight.

10:33 Together with the rest of the jaw muscles, it can close your teeth with a force of 200

10:38 pounds on the molars and 55 pounds on the incisors.

10:42 Your spine has a great memory.

10:44 It remembers your posture, making it so difficult to change it for the better.

10:49 You owe goosebumps to your ancestors from many, many, many years ago.

10:54 Their hair used to stand up to make them look bigger and scarier to foes.

10:58 Cats hiss and arch their backs for the same reason.

11:02 Only about 43% of you is actually you.

11:06 Over 50% of the cells in your body belong to tiny little creatures that mainly live

11:11 in your gut.

11:12 Still, even though your own cells are fewer than the microbial ones, there are, on average,

11:17 about 100 trillion of them in you.

11:20 See, you're not alone!

11:22 With this in mind, your own genes are less than half of what you really consist of.

11:27 If you take all the microbes dwelling within your body and count their genes, you'll

11:32 find between 2 to 20 million.

11:35 Our height, the shape of our body, and skin color depend a lot on where our ancestors

11:40 used to live.

11:41 But we can adapt to new conditions even within our own lifespan.

11:45 For example, if you move from the plains to the mountains, you'll eventually develop

11:49 more red blood cells to compensate for the lack of oxygen.

11:53 And naturally, if you move from a colder climate to a hotter and sunnier one, your skin will

11:58 get darker to adapt.

12:00 Our lifespan is programmed within our cells.

12:03 They constantly review and divide, but they have a sort of internal timer that stops at

12:08 some point.

12:09 Some cells also stop reproducing sooner than others.

12:12 On average, cells cease dividing when we reach the age of 100, if we're that lucky.

12:18 That means that if we could find a way to trick our cells into turning off the timer,

12:23 we could potentially live forever.

12:25 And move in with our grandchildren.

12:28 A human mouth is pretty unique.

12:30 You won't find two identical sets of teeth even among identical twins.

12:34 That's because the shape depends on how each person is using their jaw.

12:40 Even the tiniest habits you used to have many years ago, such as lip-biting, affect the

12:45 formation of your teeth and the uniqueness of your dental impression.

12:49 You've probably noticed that lipstick prints on a napkin or a mirror are always slightly

12:54 different depending on who left them.

12:56 Alright, who left the lip prints?

12:59 Studies of both females and males revealed that lip print patterns for each individual

13:04 are unique.

13:05 They didn't reveal any special traits based on the gender factor.

13:08 The mandible, or the lower jaw, is the only skull bone that isn't fixed to the bone around

13:13 it.

13:14 It's attached with connective tissues and muscles.

13:17 This is what makes it so mobile.

13:19 You can move it in any direction you like.

13:21 There are clusters of sensory cells in your tongue.

13:24 The buds that are closer to the surface are more short-lived.

13:27 That's the reason you don't have to wait for too long to be able to taste again after

13:31 burning your tongue.

13:33 Your fingertips are sensitive, but hundreds of times less so than your lips.

13:38 Ah, the lips again!

13:43 Ok, look at yourself in the mirror.

13:50 Yeah, right in the eye.

13:52 See that little fold of tissue in the inner corner of both of your eyes?

13:56 Well, get ready for this.

13:58 It was actually once a third eyelid, or nictitating membrane.

14:02 You can see it today in snakes or lizards, for example.

14:06 The third eyelid was used for the same purpose as the other two, although it's unclear whether

14:10 humans ever even had it fully grown.

14:14 This membrane wasn't as thick as the two eyelids we have, and it could moisten the

14:18 eye without obstructing the view.

14:21 Right now, all we have left of it is this tiny fold in the corner of the eye, and we'll

14:26 most likely in the future lose it altogether.

14:29 And maybe we'll finally stop waking up with that yucky crust that forms in our eyes overnight.

14:37 While you're still in front of the mirror, look lower.

14:40 Lower and lower still.

14:42 Yeah, those are your toes!

14:44 Say hello and goodbye.

14:47 Scientists believe that, in some more or less distant future, we'll get rid of our toes

14:51 completely.

14:53 Our ancestors, the ancient primates, needed toes to climb trees more efficiently.

14:58 They used both their hands and feet to grab tree branches.

15:02 You can see it today in most monkeys and apes.

15:04 They have longer and more flexible toes, along with flappier feet that allow them to get

15:09 a hang on branches.

15:11 Their feet mobility also lets them grab objects from the ground if necessary.

15:16 For us humans, even lifting a pen we dropped on the floor with our toes is a complex task.

15:21 But not for our primate relatives.

15:24 Humans have evolved along a different route.

15:27 We started walking upright and climbed down from trees, making rigid feet and shorter

15:32 toes more of a necessity over time.

15:35 Today, we still use our toes for balance when rolling from the balls of our feet to the

15:40 tips of the toes, but our balance is now much more centered.

15:45 It first moved towards our inner feet, which resulted in our pinky toes becoming so tiny,

15:50 and the big toes, well, so big.

15:53 As the balance moves away from the toes entirely, though, they're more likely to get fused

15:58 together in the future.

16:00 Now turn around and look at your gorgeous behind!

16:04 If you've ever fallen off a skateboard or slipped on an icy patch, you must remember

16:09 what a terrible thing it is to hit that tailbone on a hard surface.

16:13 Luckily for us, scientists predict it's going to go away pretty soon in the course

16:18 of evolution.

16:20 A tailbone is a feature that was left to us by our primate ancestors too.

16:25 And yet again, they needed their tails to achieve more mobility among tree branches,

16:30 using them to fling themselves from tree to tree.

16:33 It's hard to say when humans dropped the tail to never pick it back up, but facts are

16:38 facts, the only thing we have reminding us of those glorious tree-jumping days is the

16:43 pretty useless bone at the lower end of our backs.

16:47 Ok, back to the face now.

16:50 Open your mouth and say "Ahhh!"

16:53 If you're a lucky individual to have no wisdom teeth, then you can be proud knowing

16:58 that you're a product of evolution going strong.

17:02 As you might know, teeth are the only part of the human body that doesn't repair itself.

17:07 So if you lost all your teeth back in the dark times with no dentists around, the only

17:12 choice you had was to eat liquid food.

17:16 Not cool.

17:17 Dentists believe that nature gave us wisdom teeth as a replacement for old, worn-out teeth

17:23 we've had since childhood.

17:25 That's why they grow so late in our lives.

17:27 Today, though, with all the progress dentistry has gone through, we tend to keep all or most

17:33 of our teeth intact until a very old age.

17:36 And even if we lose some, we can always replace them with new ones.

17:40 That makes wisdom teeth a vestigial thing.

17:43 And they seem to understand that, since more and more people never have to go through the

17:48 ordeal of teething as grown-ups.

17:51 Speaking of teeth, our entire jaw has been changing for the past 10,000 years, and is

17:57 predicted to change even more quite soon.

18:01 In fact, it's been the fastest changer of all our body parts.

18:05 Back in the day, when early humans survived by hunting and gathering, they needed massive,

18:11 powerful jaws and bigger teeth to chew through raw meat and grind plants.

18:16 As they came to cooking and then farming, their food became less tough, and so their

18:21 jaws became smaller to fit the current needs.

18:25 As time went by, our jaws shrank more and more, and they're likely to continue doing

18:30 so in the future.

18:31 With lots of processed foods that don't need much chewing, humans of the future are probably

18:36 going to have more delicate facial features, with thin jawlines and smooth cheekbones.

18:43 Some body parts are not going away, but making a comeback instead.

18:48 A hundred years ago, Fabella, a tiny bone in the back of the knee, was only present

18:54 in around 11% of people, and scientists thought it would disappear entirely pretty soon.

19:00 But against all odds, the brave little bone has made it into the knees of a whopping 39%

19:06 of modern people.

19:08 It's still unknown why exactly the Fabella returned, but the most popular opinion is

19:13 that we've grown taller and heavier than our ancestors.

19:18 That much is true.

19:19 As our diet became better and more nutritious, we learned to live longer and grow taller.

19:25 We're now probably at the peak of our evolutionary height.

19:29 And the Fabella might've appeared in our bodies to provide a smooth surface for the

19:34 tendon behind the knee to slide on, reducing friction and lowering the chances of damage

19:39 because of wear and tear.

19:42 Speaking of becoming bigger, let's get you back to that mirror, shall we?

19:47 Flux a little bit.

19:48 Ooh, nice biceps there!

19:51 But unfortunately, not as nice as your ancient ancestors were.

19:55 Not everything about evolution is 100% good for us.

19:59 It's just a set of features that adapt at best.

20:03 And that's the case with our muscles.

20:05 They've grown smaller and weaker with time, especially in our upper bodies.

20:10 In ancient times, humans needed big and strong muscles to do a lot of handiwork.

20:16 From hunting and schlepping their catch home to crafting tools and building shelters.

20:20 Later, it didn't grow easier.

20:23 Much the opposite, in fact, plowing fields and building complex structures required a

20:28 lot of physical strength and endurance.

20:31 As the technological progress started booming, physical capabilities gave way to brain power.

20:38 And machines began doing a lot of work for us, most of it even better than us.

20:43 We shifted more towards sedentary lifestyle, spending more and more time in front of computers.

20:50 And our muscles have been growing steadily smaller, because we simply don't need them

20:54 as much anymore.

20:56 It's highly likely that, as the progress goes further, we'll become much slenderer

21:02 and have more trouble gaining muscle mass.

21:05 Our brain is of particular interest because it's been changing in a kind of a strange

21:10 pattern.

21:12 Our distant ancestors had a rather small brain at first, but the close relatives of humans,

21:17 the Neanderthals, obtained a larger brain than the average modern human has.

21:23 In the course of evolution, human brain grew larger.

21:27 But in the more recent centuries, it started shrinking, and no one knows exactly why.

21:33 Some experts say it might have to do with the change of our lifestyle and social connections.

21:39 Early humans, especially hunter-gatherers, had to remember every plant and animal they

21:44 saw, their properties, and how to use this or that thing.

21:48 They were more generalist, having to learn everything their parents knew and find out

21:52 more on their own.

21:54 The modern human is more specialized in a certain area, delving deeper into some narrow

21:59 subject while relying on their peers for the rest.

22:03 Where ancient humans worked in groups in which anyone could potentially replace anyone else,

22:09 we gather in teams where each member has their own specific task and is irreplaceable.

22:15 Still, brain size doesn't seem to matter that much, because orcas and elephants, for

22:21 example, have bigger brains than us, which doesn't make them more intelligent.

22:25 Happier?

22:26 I'm guessing yes.

22:29 And if we venture further into the unknown, meaning millennia from today, we might even

22:35 develop some pretty unbelievable traits.

22:38 Some go as far as to say that if the tendency for the sea levels to rise persists, humans

22:44 might adapt to living in water.

22:47 We might evolve to have webbed hands and feet to swim better, and develop gills to be able

22:52 to breathe underwater.

22:54 Or if we go into space and start colonizing other planets, we will inevitably have to

23:00 adapt to their conditions.

23:02 Mars, for instance, has lower gravity and a much colder climate.

23:06 It will probably make humans taller and lighter, but also may cause them to grow much more

23:12 body hair to keep warm.

23:15 Living planets with stronger gravity and higher temperatures will, on the contrary, turn humans

23:20 into stocky, sturdy, and likely hairless creatures.

23:24 The possibilities are endless.

23:26 Hey, maybe due to social media, we'll just turn into little blobs with big eyes and thumbs

23:32 and not much else.

23:33 So much better for texting!

23:35 Hope not.

23:36 That's it for today, so hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like

23:42 and share it with your friends!

23:43 Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side of life!

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