Amazing Body Facts To Get Ready For Your Biology Test In No Time!
Ever experienced that feeling of indulging a bit too much, thinking your stomach couldn't handle any more? ? Surprise! Your stomach can accommodate more than you imagine – a whole chicken or even a 2-liter bottle of soda! ? While it might not leave you feeling fantastic, it's a testament to the incredible capabilities of the human body. Join me as we explore mind-blowing body facts that might leave you in awe!
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#brightside
Animation is created by Bright Side.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/
Listen to Bright Side on:
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD...
Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id...
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Our Social Media:
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/ brightside
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/ brightside.official
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/ 1866144599336960
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https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me
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LifestyleTranscript
00:00 Well, here's some facts you'll find hard to digest.
00:04 Your stomach has a pretty incredible capacity, being able to hold up to half a gallon of
00:09 liquids.
00:10 That's a whole large bottle of Coke!
00:13 It's pretty hard to estimate how much hard food you can eat because it's processed
00:18 with your teeth before it gets to your stomach.
00:20 There's definitely not enough room for a turkey, but a good-sized chicken would probably
00:25 fit in it.
00:27 If you were asked where your stomach was, you would probably point to your tummy.
00:32 Sorry, that's wrong.
00:33 It's actually up here, hidden in between your ribs.
00:39 Scientists believe that the appendix will disappear eventually.
00:42 Nobody really knows why we need it, but some researchers claim it might've existed to
00:47 help our ancestors digest tree bark.
00:50 Because it's no longer part of our daily diet, the appendix isn't necessary and can
00:55 disappear from our bodies without any consequences.
00:59 The appendix isn't the only obsolete part of our body.
01:03 Wisdom teeth aren't that useful either.
01:05 Yeah, they used to come in handy whenever our ancestors lost some of their teeth, but
01:10 the only thing they help us lose now is the money we spend extracting them.
01:16 Almost all of our body is covered with hairs, even if we don't notice them.
01:20 They grow even in the belly button.
01:23 Their purpose is to catch lint.
01:24 Check it out, see?
01:28 Your liver acts as your own personal bodyguard, protecting you from toxins and many other
01:33 things you don't want hanging around in your body.
01:36 It's also pretty indestructible and can even regenerate.
01:41 Only about 43% of you is actually you.
01:45 Over 50% of the cells in your body belong to tiny little creatures that mainly live
01:50 in your gut.
01:51 Still, even though your own cells are fewer than microbial ones, there are, on average,
01:57 about 100 trillion of them in you.
01:59 See, you're not alone!
02:03 With this in mind, your own genes are less than half of what you really consist of.
02:07 If you take all the microbes dwelling within your body and count their genes, you'll
02:12 find between 2 to 20 million.
02:16 If you sleep, it doesn't mean all of your body sleeps.
02:20 In fact, sometimes your brain has to work even harder when you're asleep.
02:24 It needs to process tons of information, and reports usually take a lot of time.
02:31 The nose definitely gets a good rest while you're sleeping.
02:34 Amazingly, your sense of smell basically deactivates at night.
02:39 You wouldn't even be bothered if there was a really terrible smell in your bedroom.
02:43 No comment.
02:45 The nose is probably one of the most underappreciated parts of the body.
02:50 We wouldn't even be able to enjoy eating without it.
02:53 About 80% of the taste of any food is thanks to the nose and its ability to recognize odors.
02:59 If you hold your nose while eating, you will taste almost nothing.
03:03 With no sense of smell, you're likely to recognize food mostly by texture.
03:08 So an onion might seem no different than a big refreshing apple.
03:12 Yeah, try that and leave me a comment on how that goes.
03:18 Scientists used to believe we could distinguish about 10,000 smells, but they were wrong.
03:23 Recent research showed that people are actually able to distinguish between more than a trillion
03:28 smells.
03:29 We also remember them better than anything else, and smells can even evoke some distant
03:34 memories.
03:36 Your nose just doesn't help you breathe and catch odors.
03:39 It filters the air for sensitive throats and lungs.
03:43 If we inhale dry air, the nose moistens it, cools it, and heats it if it's necessary.
03:49 Also the nose cleans the air of dirt.
03:53 When you age, your brain is gradually reducing in size.
03:57 By age 75, it's much smaller than at 30, and it starts shrinking by the age of 40.
04:03 It happens to everyone, and doesn't affect your mental strength in any way.
04:09 Our brain can store only 7 bits in its short-term memory.
04:13 Don't even try to compare your brain with a phone capacity, not even the one you had
04:17 back in 2005.
04:19 That's why you can't even learn a phone number by heart.
04:23 Our short-term memory functions just like a chalkboard.
04:26 You can get some information, but sooner or later, you run out of space.
04:31 To check your working memory capacity, try this test.
04:34 Ask a friend to write a list of 10 words and read it to you.
04:38 Most people recall 7 or fewer items from that list.
04:43 Your RAM or "working memory" is an essential thing that we need to perform almost any everyday
04:49 activity, including basic conversations, surfing the net, and even petting your dog.
04:56 Our strongest and emotional memories are often fake.
05:00 The central memory gives us the confidence to believe that we remember everything, even
05:04 though most of the details are made up in our heads.
05:09 Not only your brain shrinks as you get older, you too shrink dramatically.
05:13 The bones get more brittle, the backbone gets compressed.
05:17 A similar thing happens when you rest at night.
05:20 Your bones kinda relax too.
05:22 Because of this, you wake up taller in the mornings than you are at the end of the day.
05:28 If you were asked where your stomach was, you'd probably point to your tummy.
05:32 Sorry, but that's wrong.
05:34 It's actually up here, hidden behind your ribs.
05:38 Your stomach has a pretty incredible capacity, being able to hold up to a half a gallon of
05:42 liquids.
05:43 That's a whole large bottle of Coke!
05:46 It's pretty hard to estimate how much hard food you can eat because it's processed with
05:50 your teeth before it ever gets to your stomach.
05:52 There's definitely not enough room for a turkey, but a good-sized chicken would probably fit
05:58 it in.
05:59 Speaking of organs, scientists believe that the appendix will disappear eventually.
06:04 Nobody really knows why we need it, but some researchers claim it might've existed to
06:08 help our ancestors digest tree bark.
06:12 Because it's no longer a part of our daily diet, the appendix isn't necessary and can
06:16 disappear from our bodies without any consequences.
06:20 Now the appendix isn't the only obsolete part of our body.
06:23 Wisdom teeth aren't that useful either.
06:25 Yeah, they used to come in handy when our ancestors lost some of their teeth.
06:30 But the only thing they help us lose now is the money we spend extracting them.
06:35 In fact, you can easily survive without your appendix, stomach, one kidney, or one lung.
06:41 Nice to know we have spare parts!
06:43 If you never knew you had a personal bodyguard, look deeper.
06:47 Your liver is your security guard, protecting you from toxins and many other things you
06:51 don't want to have.
06:53 It's also pretty indestructible and can even regenerate.
06:57 Your liver is a very important organ that works a lot and is responsible for 500 individual
07:02 functions.
07:03 Up to 10% of it is made of fat.
07:06 The liver can grow back.
07:08 Yep, even if you only have half of your liver left, it can still regenerate to its original
07:14 size.
07:16 On average, the heart is as big as your fist.
07:19 It beats 115,000 times and pumps around 2,000 gallons of blood each day.
07:25 The right lung is bigger than the left one because your body needs to make some room
07:29 for the heart.
07:31 You inhale a lot of different types of debris, including 7,000 of your very own skin flakes,
07:37 and that's only in a day.
07:39 The stomach is the most important defender of the immune system.
07:43 Hydrochloric acid in our stomach kills dangerous food toxins, viruses, and bacteria that get
07:49 in there with the food you eat.
07:51 This acid can digest even the stomach itself, but the mucous membrane protects it.
07:57 You can burn calories when you take a hot bath as many as you would if you took a half-hour
08:02 walk.
08:03 You burn somewhere between 100 and 200 calories per hour while standing.
08:08 Sitting burns 60 to 130, depending on your height, weight, gender, and age.
08:14 Your own body makes mosquito bites swell and itch.
08:17 A mosquito breaks your skin.
08:19 Your immune system perceives the insect saliva as a foreign substance, so it starts a special
08:24 reaction to flush the intruder out of your body.
08:27 A compound produced by the immune system, called histamine, makes the blood flow faster
08:32 around the bitten area, and it causes swelling.
08:35 The histamine also sends a signal to the nearest nerves, which makes the bite itch.
08:40 Meanwhile, the food on the plane is likely to taste different than on the ground.
08:45 That's because you lose up to 30% of your tastebud sensitivity due to the dryness and
08:51 pressure in the cabin.
08:52 It's especially true about salty and sweet foods.
08:56 You wouldn't be able to taste food without saliva.
08:58 Your taste buds have chemoreceptors that recognize different flavors, but they need some liquid
09:03 for those flavors to bind into their molecules.
09:06 Also, you can't taste things saliva doesn't dissolve.
09:10 You can always squeeze in some dessert, no matter how much salad, soup, or meat you've
09:14 eaten before.
09:15 Your body gets bored of savory tastes, but when you see and smell something sweet, like
09:20 ice cream, cakes, or chocolate, your brain gets excited.
09:24 It overrides all fullness signals for pleasure.
09:27 Plus, your stomach is a flexible organ, and sugar helps it relax and physically make room
09:32 for dessert.
09:33 Hey, I rely on that information!
09:36 The tongue is one of the strongest muscles in your body.
09:40 This organ contains more than 10,000 taste buds, and each bud is filled with microscopic
09:45 hairs.
09:46 Their job is to sense your food, distinguish tastes, and send information to your brain
09:51 to initiate the appropriate digestion process.
09:54 During your life, all those tiny bumps and ridges on your tongue create a special individual
09:59 pattern.
10:00 That's why experts say that tongue prints are as unique as fingerprints.
10:04 Your tongue doesn't have separate bitter, sweet, sour, or salty sections for tasting.
10:09 Each of the 8,000 taste buds you have on the tongue, the roof of the mouth, and even in
10:14 the throat can detect all the tastes.
10:17 For some people, cilantro may taste similar to soap because the plant contains a chemical
10:21 used in soap making.
10:23 But only 4 to 14% of the world's population have special genes that can detect it.
10:29 The masseter is the strongest muscle you have based on its weight.
10:33 Together with the rest of the jaw muscles, it can close your teeth with a force of 200
10:38 pounds on the molars and 55 pounds on the incisors.
10:42 Your spine has a great memory.
10:44 It remembers your posture, making it so difficult to change it for the better.
10:49 You owe goosebumps to your ancestors from many, many, many years ago.
10:54 Their hair used to stand up to make them look bigger and scarier to foes.
10:58 Cats hiss and arch their backs for the same reason.
11:02 Only about 43% of you is actually you.
11:06 Over 50% of the cells in your body belong to tiny little creatures that mainly live
11:11 in your gut.
11:12 Still, even though your own cells are fewer than the microbial ones, there are, on average,
11:17 about 100 trillion of them in you.
11:20 See, you're not alone!
11:22 With this in mind, your own genes are less than half of what you really consist of.
11:27 If you take all the microbes dwelling within your body and count their genes, you'll
11:32 find between 2 to 20 million.
11:35 Our height, the shape of our body, and skin color depend a lot on where our ancestors
11:40 used to live.
11:41 But we can adapt to new conditions even within our own lifespan.
11:45 For example, if you move from the plains to the mountains, you'll eventually develop
11:49 more red blood cells to compensate for the lack of oxygen.
11:53 And naturally, if you move from a colder climate to a hotter and sunnier one, your skin will
11:58 get darker to adapt.
12:00 Our lifespan is programmed within our cells.
12:03 They constantly review and divide, but they have a sort of internal timer that stops at
12:08 some point.
12:09 Some cells also stop reproducing sooner than others.
12:12 On average, cells cease dividing when we reach the age of 100, if we're that lucky.
12:18 That means that if we could find a way to trick our cells into turning off the timer,
12:23 we could potentially live forever.
12:25 And move in with our grandchildren.
12:28 A human mouth is pretty unique.
12:30 You won't find two identical sets of teeth even among identical twins.
12:34 That's because the shape depends on how each person is using their jaw.
12:40 Even the tiniest habits you used to have many years ago, such as lip-biting, affect the
12:45 formation of your teeth and the uniqueness of your dental impression.
12:49 You've probably noticed that lipstick prints on a napkin or a mirror are always slightly
12:54 different depending on who left them.
12:56 Alright, who left the lip prints?
12:59 Studies of both females and males revealed that lip print patterns for each individual
13:04 are unique.
13:05 They didn't reveal any special traits based on the gender factor.
13:08 The mandible, or the lower jaw, is the only skull bone that isn't fixed to the bone around
13:13 it.
13:14 It's attached with connective tissues and muscles.
13:17 This is what makes it so mobile.
13:19 You can move it in any direction you like.
13:21 There are clusters of sensory cells in your tongue.
13:24 The buds that are closer to the surface are more short-lived.
13:27 That's the reason you don't have to wait for too long to be able to taste again after
13:31 burning your tongue.
13:33 Your fingertips are sensitive, but hundreds of times less so than your lips.
13:38 Ah, the lips again!
13:43 Ok, look at yourself in the mirror.
13:50 Yeah, right in the eye.
13:52 See that little fold of tissue in the inner corner of both of your eyes?
13:56 Well, get ready for this.
13:58 It was actually once a third eyelid, or nictitating membrane.
14:02 You can see it today in snakes or lizards, for example.
14:06 The third eyelid was used for the same purpose as the other two, although it's unclear whether
14:10 humans ever even had it fully grown.
14:14 This membrane wasn't as thick as the two eyelids we have, and it could moisten the
14:18 eye without obstructing the view.
14:21 Right now, all we have left of it is this tiny fold in the corner of the eye, and we'll
14:26 most likely in the future lose it altogether.
14:29 And maybe we'll finally stop waking up with that yucky crust that forms in our eyes overnight.
14:37 While you're still in front of the mirror, look lower.
14:40 Lower and lower still.
14:42 Yeah, those are your toes!
14:44 Say hello and goodbye.
14:47 Scientists believe that, in some more or less distant future, we'll get rid of our toes
14:51 completely.
14:53 Our ancestors, the ancient primates, needed toes to climb trees more efficiently.
14:58 They used both their hands and feet to grab tree branches.
15:02 You can see it today in most monkeys and apes.
15:04 They have longer and more flexible toes, along with flappier feet that allow them to get
15:09 a hang on branches.
15:11 Their feet mobility also lets them grab objects from the ground if necessary.
15:16 For us humans, even lifting a pen we dropped on the floor with our toes is a complex task.
15:21 But not for our primate relatives.
15:24 Humans have evolved along a different route.
15:27 We started walking upright and climbed down from trees, making rigid feet and shorter
15:32 toes more of a necessity over time.
15:35 Today, we still use our toes for balance when rolling from the balls of our feet to the
15:40 tips of the toes, but our balance is now much more centered.
15:45 It first moved towards our inner feet, which resulted in our pinky toes becoming so tiny,
15:50 and the big toes, well, so big.
15:53 As the balance moves away from the toes entirely, though, they're more likely to get fused
15:58 together in the future.
16:00 Now turn around and look at your gorgeous behind!
16:04 If you've ever fallen off a skateboard or slipped on an icy patch, you must remember
16:09 what a terrible thing it is to hit that tailbone on a hard surface.
16:13 Luckily for us, scientists predict it's going to go away pretty soon in the course
16:18 of evolution.
16:20 A tailbone is a feature that was left to us by our primate ancestors too.
16:25 And yet again, they needed their tails to achieve more mobility among tree branches,
16:30 using them to fling themselves from tree to tree.
16:33 It's hard to say when humans dropped the tail to never pick it back up, but facts are
16:38 facts, the only thing we have reminding us of those glorious tree-jumping days is the
16:43 pretty useless bone at the lower end of our backs.
16:47 Ok, back to the face now.
16:50 Open your mouth and say "Ahhh!"
16:53 If you're a lucky individual to have no wisdom teeth, then you can be proud knowing
16:58 that you're a product of evolution going strong.
17:02 As you might know, teeth are the only part of the human body that doesn't repair itself.
17:07 So if you lost all your teeth back in the dark times with no dentists around, the only
17:12 choice you had was to eat liquid food.
17:16 Not cool.
17:17 Dentists believe that nature gave us wisdom teeth as a replacement for old, worn-out teeth
17:23 we've had since childhood.
17:25 That's why they grow so late in our lives.
17:27 Today, though, with all the progress dentistry has gone through, we tend to keep all or most
17:33 of our teeth intact until a very old age.
17:36 And even if we lose some, we can always replace them with new ones.
17:40 That makes wisdom teeth a vestigial thing.
17:43 And they seem to understand that, since more and more people never have to go through the
17:48 ordeal of teething as grown-ups.
17:51 Speaking of teeth, our entire jaw has been changing for the past 10,000 years, and is
17:57 predicted to change even more quite soon.
18:01 In fact, it's been the fastest changer of all our body parts.
18:05 Back in the day, when early humans survived by hunting and gathering, they needed massive,
18:11 powerful jaws and bigger teeth to chew through raw meat and grind plants.
18:16 As they came to cooking and then farming, their food became less tough, and so their
18:21 jaws became smaller to fit the current needs.
18:25 As time went by, our jaws shrank more and more, and they're likely to continue doing
18:30 so in the future.
18:31 With lots of processed foods that don't need much chewing, humans of the future are probably
18:36 going to have more delicate facial features, with thin jawlines and smooth cheekbones.
18:43 Some body parts are not going away, but making a comeback instead.
18:48 A hundred years ago, Fabella, a tiny bone in the back of the knee, was only present
18:54 in around 11% of people, and scientists thought it would disappear entirely pretty soon.
19:00 But against all odds, the brave little bone has made it into the knees of a whopping 39%
19:06 of modern people.
19:08 It's still unknown why exactly the Fabella returned, but the most popular opinion is
19:13 that we've grown taller and heavier than our ancestors.
19:18 That much is true.
19:19 As our diet became better and more nutritious, we learned to live longer and grow taller.
19:25 We're now probably at the peak of our evolutionary height.
19:29 And the Fabella might've appeared in our bodies to provide a smooth surface for the
19:34 tendon behind the knee to slide on, reducing friction and lowering the chances of damage
19:39 because of wear and tear.
19:42 Speaking of becoming bigger, let's get you back to that mirror, shall we?
19:47 Flux a little bit.
19:48 Ooh, nice biceps there!
19:51 But unfortunately, not as nice as your ancient ancestors were.
19:55 Not everything about evolution is 100% good for us.
19:59 It's just a set of features that adapt at best.
20:03 And that's the case with our muscles.
20:05 They've grown smaller and weaker with time, especially in our upper bodies.
20:10 In ancient times, humans needed big and strong muscles to do a lot of handiwork.
20:16 From hunting and schlepping their catch home to crafting tools and building shelters.
20:20 Later, it didn't grow easier.
20:23 Much the opposite, in fact, plowing fields and building complex structures required a
20:28 lot of physical strength and endurance.
20:31 As the technological progress started booming, physical capabilities gave way to brain power.
20:38 And machines began doing a lot of work for us, most of it even better than us.
20:43 We shifted more towards sedentary lifestyle, spending more and more time in front of computers.
20:50 And our muscles have been growing steadily smaller, because we simply don't need them
20:54 as much anymore.
20:56 It's highly likely that, as the progress goes further, we'll become much slenderer
21:02 and have more trouble gaining muscle mass.
21:05 Our brain is of particular interest because it's been changing in a kind of a strange
21:10 pattern.
21:12 Our distant ancestors had a rather small brain at first, but the close relatives of humans,
21:17 the Neanderthals, obtained a larger brain than the average modern human has.
21:23 In the course of evolution, human brain grew larger.
21:27 But in the more recent centuries, it started shrinking, and no one knows exactly why.
21:33 Some experts say it might have to do with the change of our lifestyle and social connections.
21:39 Early humans, especially hunter-gatherers, had to remember every plant and animal they
21:44 saw, their properties, and how to use this or that thing.
21:48 They were more generalist, having to learn everything their parents knew and find out
21:52 more on their own.
21:54 The modern human is more specialized in a certain area, delving deeper into some narrow
21:59 subject while relying on their peers for the rest.
22:03 Where ancient humans worked in groups in which anyone could potentially replace anyone else,
22:09 we gather in teams where each member has their own specific task and is irreplaceable.
22:15 Still, brain size doesn't seem to matter that much, because orcas and elephants, for
22:21 example, have bigger brains than us, which doesn't make them more intelligent.
22:25 Happier?
22:26 I'm guessing yes.
22:29 And if we venture further into the unknown, meaning millennia from today, we might even
22:35 develop some pretty unbelievable traits.
22:38 Some go as far as to say that if the tendency for the sea levels to rise persists, humans
22:44 might adapt to living in water.
22:47 We might evolve to have webbed hands and feet to swim better, and develop gills to be able
22:52 to breathe underwater.
22:54 Or if we go into space and start colonizing other planets, we will inevitably have to
23:00 adapt to their conditions.
23:02 Mars, for instance, has lower gravity and a much colder climate.
23:06 It will probably make humans taller and lighter, but also may cause them to grow much more
23:12 body hair to keep warm.
23:15 Living planets with stronger gravity and higher temperatures will, on the contrary, turn humans
23:20 into stocky, sturdy, and likely hairless creatures.
23:24 The possibilities are endless.
23:26 Hey, maybe due to social media, we'll just turn into little blobs with big eyes and thumbs
23:32 and not much else.
23:33 So much better for texting!
23:35 Hope not.
23:36 That's it for today, so hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like
23:42 and share it with your friends!
23:43 Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side of life!