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Oppenheimer is doing wonders at the box office. The spotlight is currently shining bright on the American theoretical physicist J Robert Oppenheimer, almost 50 years after his death. Today when people are excited about the Oppenheimer movie and can only imagine J. Robert Oppenheimer as the ‘Father of Atomic Bomb’, very few people know that the astrophysicist also played a stellar role in other discoveries too. One such remarkable feat achieved by Oppenheimer is his role in the discovery of black holes.

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00:00 Hi, you are watching In Death With Me Ila.
00:14 Oppenheimer is doing wonders at the box office.
00:18 The spotlight is currently shining bright on the American theoretical physicist J. Robert
00:22 Oppenheimer, almost 50 years after his death.
00:26 Today, when people are excited about the Oppenheimer movie and can only imagine J. Robert Oppenheimer
00:31 as the "father of atomic bomb", very few people know that the astrophysicist also played
00:36 a stellar role in other discoveries too.
00:39 One such remarkable feat achieved by Oppenheimer is his role in the discovery of black holes.
00:49 This is because, the father of the atom bomb, had along with his University of California
00:53 Berkeley colleague Hartland S. Snyder, published a pioneering paper in 1939 entitled, "On
00:59 Continued Gravitational Contraction", in which equations of Albert Einstein's general relativity
01:04 and gravity were used to explain how black holes could be born.
01:08 Oppenheimer proposed the very first collapse model to describe how a star could collapse
01:13 into a black hole.
01:15 This model by Oppenheimer explains the formation of black holes as a dynamical astrophysical
01:20 process, the final stage of the evolution of heavy enough stars and is still being used
01:24 today.
01:25 Oppenheimer's model is very significant because it is analytically solvable, solving the equations
01:31 can be done with pen and paper and does not require numerical work.
01:35 All the physics is thus easily trackable.
01:38 Despite being simple, it is complex enough to describe many of the features of a collapsing
01:43 star.
01:45 Oppenheimer's brief foray into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars,
01:53 which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein's
01:58 general theory of relativity.
02:01 He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1, 1939, but at the time, it
02:07 was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching
02:11 World War II.
02:21 Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
02:24 At a time when Oppenheimer and Snyder were working on the paper which was heavily dependent
02:28 on the 1915 theory of general relativity, the father of the theory, Einstein, was completing
02:33 the research which was aimed at proving that black holes do not exist.
02:38 However, Oppenheimer and his colleagues are believed to be the first scientists who truly
02:42 understood the black hole's physical birth.
02:45 Three years after publishing the paper, Oppenheimer traveled to Los Alamos where he cemented his
02:50 place in history and in the public's perception.
02:54 Despite his significant contributions to the field of black holes, Oppenheimer's legacy
02:58 remains closely tied to his involvement in the development of the atomic bomb.
03:03 His work on black holes and his pioneering collapse model, though often overlooked by
03:07 the public, continues to influence and shape our understanding of the physical world.
03:11 "

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