35- How to enter the fold of Islam
Q: Some people frequently say that Islam is a condition for offering Salah (Prayer) and performing Hajj, so can a person be a Muslim although they do not abide by other pillars of Islam. Please, clarify this matter!
A: Anyone is a Muslim who pronounces Shahadah (Testimony of Faith, i.e. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and I bear witness that Muhammad is His Messenger), and believes in the Oneness of Allah and the truthfulness of the His Messenger Muhammad (ﷺ). If a person offers Salah, they are considered Muslims, otherwise they are Murtad (apostates). Likewise, anyone who denies that Salah, Sawm (Fast) of Ramadan, Zakah (obligatory charity), or Hajj for those able to perform it are obligatory or mocks Islam or insults the Messenger (ﷺ), is regarded as a Murtad. A person is considered a Muslim once they declare Shahadah. If they become steadfast in adhering to the truth, they are Muslims. However, if they do something that nullifies Islam such as cursing Islam, belying the Messenger (ﷺ), denying acts of worship which were prescribed by Allah, or regarding something that Allah has forbidden as permissible, such as Zina (adultery), they become a Murtad. If a person offers Salah, observes Sawm, and declares Shahadah, but regards Zina as Halal (lawful) while knowing the evidence of its prohibition, they will commit major Kufr (disbelief that takes the Muslim out of Islam). We seek refuge with Allah against this. Moreover, if a person insists on regarding Khamr (intoxicant) as Halal although proofs on its unlawfulness are shown to them, they will commit major Kufr and are outside the fold of Islam. May Allah safeguard us against all these things! A person who claims that undutifulness to parents and false witness are Halal is a Murtad. Likewise, a person who beleives that Salah, Zakah, Sawm of Ramadan, or Hajj are not obligatory, is outside the fold of Islam and is considered to be a Kafir. However, there is a difference of opinion regarding the ruling on anyone who admits that Salah is obligatory but does not offer it. The Jumhur (dominant majority of scholars) consider such person to be disobedient and not a Kafir who should be asked to repent. If they repent, all well and good, otherwise they become subject to capital punishment. Some scholars hold the view which was reported from the Sahabah (Companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them) that anyone who does not offer Salah commits major Kufr and must be asked to repent. If they repent, all well and good, otherwise they become subject to capital punishment. Allah (Glorified and Exalted be He) states: {.But if they repent and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as- Salat), and give Zakat, then leave their way free. This shows that anyone who does not offer Salah should be asked to repent and should be executed if they do not repent. Allah (Glorified be He) states: But if they repent, perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat) and give Zakat, then they are your brethren in religion. Conversely, this shows that anyone who does not offer Salah is not a fellow Muslim brother.
[Vol. 1, Page No. 94-95]
Q: Some people frequently say that Islam is a condition for offering Salah (Prayer) and performing Hajj, so can a person be a Muslim although they do not abide by other pillars of Islam. Please, clarify this matter!
A: Anyone is a Muslim who pronounces Shahadah (Testimony of Faith, i.e. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and I bear witness that Muhammad is His Messenger), and believes in the Oneness of Allah and the truthfulness of the His Messenger Muhammad (ﷺ). If a person offers Salah, they are considered Muslims, otherwise they are Murtad (apostates). Likewise, anyone who denies that Salah, Sawm (Fast) of Ramadan, Zakah (obligatory charity), or Hajj for those able to perform it are obligatory or mocks Islam or insults the Messenger (ﷺ), is regarded as a Murtad. A person is considered a Muslim once they declare Shahadah. If they become steadfast in adhering to the truth, they are Muslims. However, if they do something that nullifies Islam such as cursing Islam, belying the Messenger (ﷺ), denying acts of worship which were prescribed by Allah, or regarding something that Allah has forbidden as permissible, such as Zina (adultery), they become a Murtad. If a person offers Salah, observes Sawm, and declares Shahadah, but regards Zina as Halal (lawful) while knowing the evidence of its prohibition, they will commit major Kufr (disbelief that takes the Muslim out of Islam). We seek refuge with Allah against this. Moreover, if a person insists on regarding Khamr (intoxicant) as Halal although proofs on its unlawfulness are shown to them, they will commit major Kufr and are outside the fold of Islam. May Allah safeguard us against all these things! A person who claims that undutifulness to parents and false witness are Halal is a Murtad. Likewise, a person who beleives that Salah, Zakah, Sawm of Ramadan, or Hajj are not obligatory, is outside the fold of Islam and is considered to be a Kafir. However, there is a difference of opinion regarding the ruling on anyone who admits that Salah is obligatory but does not offer it. The Jumhur (dominant majority of scholars) consider such person to be disobedient and not a Kafir who should be asked to repent. If they repent, all well and good, otherwise they become subject to capital punishment. Some scholars hold the view which was reported from the Sahabah (Companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them) that anyone who does not offer Salah commits major Kufr and must be asked to repent. If they repent, all well and good, otherwise they become subject to capital punishment. Allah (Glorified and Exalted be He) states: {.But if they repent and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as- Salat), and give Zakat, then leave their way free. This shows that anyone who does not offer Salah should be asked to repent and should be executed if they do not repent. Allah (Glorified be He) states: But if they repent, perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat) and give Zakat, then they are your brethren in religion. Conversely, this shows that anyone who does not offer Salah is not a fellow Muslim brother.
[Vol. 1, Page No. 94-95]
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